Reconsidering species boundaries in the<i>Ceratocystis paradoxa</i>complex, including a new species from oil palm and cacao in Cameroon

Mbenoun, Michael; Beer, Z. Wilhelm de; Wingfield, Michael J.; Wingfield, Brenda D.; Roux, Jolanda

doi:10.3852/13-298

Cited by 38 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Henry (1944) described conidia in the range of 4-22 × 2-4.5 µm, whereas in this study the size range of conidia from his specimen (BPI 595712) was 4-8.5 × 2-3 µm. Bretz's (1952) description of conidia reflected a mixture of endogenous conidia and aleurioconidia (see Mbenoun et al 2014), described as 'thick-walled, olivaceous to brown, polymorphic spores, 3.5-5.5 µm wide to 5 to 20 µm long, formed endogenously and intercalarily in hyphae, which may also produce hyaline endoconidia'. We observed only hyaline, endogenous conidia in the range of 3-6.5 × 2-3 µm from the Bretz specimen (FP 97476).…”

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endoconidiophora was confined to species previously treated in the C. coerulescens complex, with E. coerulescens as the type species. Based on the phylogenies presented by Mbenoun et al (2014) and De Beer et al (2014), Thielaviopsis with T. ethacetica as the type species, included species previously treated in the C. paradoxa complex. Consequently, none of the four genera (Ceratocystis, Endoconidiophora, Thielaviopsis or Chalara) are available to accommodate C. fagacearum, which resides in a lineage distinct from these genera .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bretziella, a new genus to accommodate the oak wilt fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Microascales, Ascomycota)

Beer¹,

Marincowitz²,

Duong³

et al. 2017

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Recent reclassification of the Ceratocystidaceae (Microascales) based on multi-gene phylogenetic inference has shown that the oak wilt fungus Ceratocystis fagacearum does not reside in any of the four genera in which it has previously been treated. In this study, we resolve typification problems for the fungus, confirm the synonymy of Chalara quercina (the first name applied to the fungus) and Endoconidiophora fagacearum (the name applied when the sexual state was discovered). Furthermore, the generic placement of the species was determined based on DNA sequences from authenticated isolates. The original specimens studied in both protologues and living isolates from the same host trees and geographical area were examined and shown to represent the same species. A lectotype was designated for Chalara quercina and Endoconidiophora fagacearum and an epitype linked to a living ex-epitype isolate was designated. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the species resides in a well-supported monophyletic lineage in the Ceratocystidaceae, distinct from all other genera in the family. The new genus Bretziella is described to accommodate the oak wilt fungus.

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Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bretziella, a new genus to accommodate the oak wilt fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Microascales, Ascomycota)

Beer¹,

Marincowitz²,

Duong³

et al. 2017

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“…Genera in this family typically exhibit a wide variety of sexual reproductive strategies, including heterothallism as employed by Davidsoniella eucalypti (KILE et al 1996), primary homothallism as seen in Thielaviopsis cerberus (MBENOUN et al 2014) and homothallism via unidirectional mating type switching as observed in Ce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unisexual reproduction in Huntiella moniliformis

Wilson

Godlonton

Nest

et al. 2015

Fungal Genetics and Biology

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Sexual reproduction in fungi is controlled by genes present at the mating type (MAT) locus, which typically harbours transcription factors that influence the expression of many sex-related genes. The MAT locus exists as two alternative idiomorphs in ascomycetous fungi and sexual reproduction is initiated when genes from both idiomorphs are expressed. Thus, the gene content of this locus determines whether a fungus is heterothallic (self-sterile) or homothallic (self-fertile). Recently, a unique sub-class of homothallism has been described in fungi, where individuals possessing a single MAT idiomorph can reproduce sexually in the absence of a partner. Using various mycological, molecular and bioinformatic techniques, we investigated the sexual strategies and characterized the MAT loci in two tree wound-infecting fungi, Huntiella moniliformis and Huntiella omanensis. H. omanensis was shown to exhibit a typically heterothallic sexual reproductive cycle, with isolates possessing either the MAT1-1 or MAT1-2 idiomorph. This was in contrast to the homothallism via unisexual reproduction that was shown in H. moniliformis, where only the MAT1-2-1 gene was present in sexually reproducing cultures. While the evolutionary benefit and mechanisms underpinning a unisexual mating strategy remain unknown, it could have evolved to minimize the costs, while retaining the benefits, of normal sexual reproduction.

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“…Some species are heterothallic, such as T. ethacetica and T. paradoxa s. str., other species are homothallic, such as T. cerberus (Mbenoum et al 2014). The sexual state of T. musarum was described by Riedl (1962) but no ascospores were observed, and the mating system was not determined (Mbenoum et al 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…De Beer & W.C. Allen, T. cerberus and representatives of T. paradoxa s. lat. (Mbenoum et al 2014). Undiscovered species of the T. paradoxa complex are likely to exist in Brazil, mainly due to the large number of records of this fungus associated with various plant species (Mendes et al 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thielaviopsis musarum causes postharvest crown and fruit rot of banana in Northeastern Brazil

Melo

Matos

Júnior

et al. 2016

Trop. plant pathol.

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Crown rot is an important postharvest disease of banana fruit caused by a fungal complex. The development of these microorganisms in the banana favors rot of the fruit and crown, affecting fruit quality and rendering the fruit unsafe to eat. Fungi that cause postharvest rot include species of the complex Thielaviopsis paradoxa. In March 2015, symptoms of crown rot were observed in banana grown in the state of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil. The fruits exhibited rot, usually with signs of a dark gray mycelium; fruits at an advanced stage of rot broke from the stem. Microscopic analysis revealed the presence of primary and secondary conidia as well as aleurioconidia, typical for Thielaviopsis spp.. The sexual phase was not observed. The ITS and TEF1-α genes were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis; consequently, the isolates were identified as Thielaviopsis musarum. In inoculated fruits, the fungus caused black rot, followed by a browning and softening of the pulp. This is the first record of postharvest rot in banana caused by T. musarum in Brazil.

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Reconsidering species boundaries in theCeratocystis paradoxacomplex, including a new species from oil palm and cacao in Cameroon

Cited by 38 publications

References 36 publications

Bretziella, a new genus to accommodate the oak wilt fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Microascales, Ascomycota)

Bretziella, a new genus to accommodate the oak wilt fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Microascales, Ascomycota)

Unisexual reproduction in Huntiella moniliformis

Thielaviopsis musarum causes postharvest crown and fruit rot of banana in Northeastern Brazil

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