Reconstructing the History of Maize Streak Virus Strain A Dispersal To Reveal Diversification Hot Spots and Its Origin in Southern Africa

Monjane, Adérito Luis; Harkins, Gordon William; Martin, Darren P.; Lemey, Philippe; Lefeuvre, Pierre; Shepherd, Dionne N.; Oluwafemi, Sunday; Simuyandi, Michelo; Zinga, Innocent; Komba, Ephrem Kosh; Lakoutene, Didier P.; Mandakombo, Noella; Mboukoulida, Joseph; Semballa, Silla; Tagne, Appolinaire; Tiendrébéogo, Fidèle; Erdmann, Julia B.; Antwerpen, T. van; Owor, Betty E.; Flett, B. C.; Ramusi, Moses; Windram, Oliver P.; Syed, Rizwan A; Lett, Jean‐Michel; Briddon, R. W.; Markham, P. G.; Rybicki, Edward P.; Varsani, Arvind

doi:10.1128/jvi.00640-11

Cited by 68 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Monocotinfecting mastreviruses have previously been found throughout Africa (including the South-west Indian Ocean islands: SWIO), Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia, the island of Vanuatu, and Australia. Mastreviruses previously found on SWIO islands such as La Réunion and Mauritius include various maize streak virus (MSV) strains, sugarcane streak Réunion virus (SSRV) and sugarcane streak virus (SSV) [13,19,25,26].…”

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A novel maize-infecting mastrevirus from La Réunion Island

et al. 2012

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Despite extensive sampling, only one virus belonging to the genus Mastrevirus of the family Geminiviridae, maize streak virus (MSV), has until now been detected in maize with maize streak disease (MSD) symptoms. Here, we report for the first time a second, highly divergent, mastrevirus isolated from two maize plants displaying characteristic MSD-like symptoms, sampled on the South-west Indian Ocean Island, La Réunion. The two isolates shared \57 % genome-wide identity with all other known mastreviruses. We propose calling the new species Maize streak Réunion virus.

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A novel maize-infecting mastrevirus from La Réunion Island

et al. 2012

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“…Possibly, the strain of MSV-A infecting maize at the transition zone was more virulent than that of the forest and coastal savannah, hence the more severe symptoms at the transition zone than the forest and the coastal savannah zones. It has also been reported [1,32] that virulent MSV isolates cause earlier symptoms with wider and more chlorotic streaks than the mild isolates. This could explain why higher levels of incidence and severity of MSD were recorded at the transition zone than the forest and the coastal savannah zones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be due to differences in environmental conditions and varying virulence of MSV strains occurring at various agroecological zones. Important differences in the virulence of different MSV-A subtypes in maize have been reported [32]. Subtypes A1, A2 and A5 isolates produce the severest symptoms, subtypes A3 and A6 isolates produce intermediate symptoms, while subtype A4 isolate produce the mildest symptoms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Variations in the Incidence and Severity of Maize Streak Disease in the Volta Region of Ghana

Asare‐Bediako¹,

Kvarnheden²,

Puije³

et al. 2017

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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The study was conducted to assess the influence of different agro-ecological zones and cropping seasons on the incidence and severity of maize streak disease (MSD) in Ghana. Field surveys were conducted in two districts each of the coastal savannah, forest, and transitional agro-ecological zones of the Volta region to assess the incidence and severity of MSD in farmers' fields, during the 2014 minor and 2015 major cropping seasons. The disease assessment was carried out in 12 fields from each district, and for each field on both maize plants growing under tree shade and in open parts of the field. The plants were scored for disease severity based on a 1-5 visual scale (1=no infection and 5=very severe infection). Percentage total N, available P, exchangeable K, organic matter levels and pH were determined from soil samples collected from each of the fields surveyed. Incidence and severity of MSD on maize plants growing under tree shade and in open parts of the fields were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the transition zone than in the forest and coastal savannah eco-zones during the 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons. Mean incidence and severity of MSD on maize plants growing under tree shade were significantly higher than those in the open part of the fields in both cropping seasons. The levels of MSD incidence and severity recorded in 2014 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than 2015. Low levels of soil total N, available P, exchangeable K and organic carbon were detected across the three agro-ecological zones. Incidence and severity scores of MSD were significantly and negatively correlated with soil total N, available P, exchangeable K and organic matter (P<0.01). In conclusion, MSD incidence and severity vary with the cropping seasons and agro-ecological zones and are partly affected by low soil fertility levels and tree shades.

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“…Eleven strains of MSV are known (Varsani et al 2008), but only the strain MSV-A causes major yield losses in maize. Sequence analyses revealed that MSV-A probably originated in southern Africa in the 1860s by recombination and spread on average 32.5 km per year (Monjane et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

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Evaluation of the resistance of German cultivars of maize and sorghum to Maize streak virus

Drechsler¹,

Thieme²,

Shepherd

et al. 2014

J Plant Dis Prot

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Maize streak virus (MSV) is the cause of one of the most devastating maize diseases in Africa. It is transmitted by leafhoppers of the genus Cicadulina. Due to the changing climate it is possible that species of this genus capable of transmitting MSV will become established and spread the virus in Europe. There is no data on the level of resistance of cultivars of European maize to MSV. The susceptibility of three maize and 15 sorghum cultivars, and Miscanthus × giganteus was investigated using agroinoculation with the virus. DAS-ELISA and a newly developed real time quantitative PCR was used to determine the concentration of virus. All three cultivars of maize were susceptible to MSV administered using agroinoculation, although there were significant differences in the levels of susceptibility. The 15 cultivars of sorghum and Miscanthus were resistant to MSV. Transmission tests using Cicadulina mbila as the vector confirmed the resistance of two of the cultivars of sorghum and Miscanthus. Agroinoculation can only be carried out under S2 biosafety conditions. Therefore, the persistence of agrobacteria in the plants was investigated. Five weeks after agroinoculation, the bacteria were no longer found in the above-ground parts of the plants, but still persisted in the roots of some plants. Transmission tests with an indigenous species of leafhopper, Psammotettix alienus, a vector of the related geminivirus Wheat dwarf virus, revealed that this species is not capable of transmitting MSV. Virus was found only in the body of these insects and not in their heads, which is necessary for persistent transmission through salivary glands.

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Reconstructing the History of Maize Streak Virus Strain A Dispersal To Reveal Diversification Hot Spots and Its Origin in Southern Africa

Cited by 68 publications

References 62 publications

A novel maize-infecting mastrevirus from La Réunion Island

A novel maize-infecting mastrevirus from La Réunion Island

Spatio-Temporal Variations in the Incidence and Severity of Maize Streak Disease in the Volta Region of Ghana

Evaluation of the resistance of German cultivars of maize and sorghum to Maize streak virus

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