Reconstruction and exploration of large-scale distributed operations—Multimedia tools for evaluation of emergency management response

Pilemalm, Sofie; Andersson, Dennis; Hallberg, Niklas

doi:10.5055/jem.2008.0043

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the literature, the need is stated for after-action review of performance in order to enhance the learning effect of training, exercises, and operations (Pilemalm, Andersson, & Hallberg, 2008;Woltjer, Trnka, Lundberg, Figure 12. The category manage alarms & Johansson, 2006;Bliss, Minnis, Wilkinson, Mastaglio, & Barnett, 2011;Downs, Johnson, & Fallesen, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature expresses the need to understand and learn from what actually happened before, during, and after the crisis. This is important as a foundation for the improvement of responses (Pilemalm, Andersson, & Hallberg, 2008). Also, Turoff, Chumer, Van de Walle, and Yao, 2004 point out the need to collect information on the performance of people and systems to gain an understanding of what happened dur-ing and after emergencies.…”

Section: Documentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Rationale for Emergency Management Information Systems for Local Communities

Hallberg

Granlund

et al. 2014

International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management

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Emergency responders at the local community level are the prime actors concerning emergency management. It has been claimed that information systems have considerable potential to support emergency management. However, development of such systems is demanding, due to the complexity of emergency management. The ability to be able to reveal the stakeholders' needs for support are essential for successful system developments. The objective of this paper is to explore the rationale for emergency management information systems at the local community level. This was accomplished by an extensive needs assessment based on 49 governing documents and 12 interviews with representatives for local as well as regional emergency response organizations. The analysis uncovered eleven areas where emergency management information systems could enhance the capability of local communities' to manage emergencies. The identified needs categories are proposed to constitute a foundation for design patterns for the development of emergency management information systems for local communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Documentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Rationale for Emergency Management Information Systems for Local Communities

Hallberg

Granlund

et al. 2014

International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Methods and technology for displaying heterogeneous data sources simultaneously can enhance efficiency in the analysis phase. The Reconstruction and Exploration (R&E) approach enables exploratory analysis of the scenario, which can give the researcher a much needed ability to post-hoc visualize events at multiple locations to get a birds-eye view of the chain of events before digging into the details (Pilemalm, Andersson, & Hallberg 2008). The externalized causal model of the event flow can provide a ground truth for post-hoc analysis of decisions and actions, i.e.…”

Section: Reconstruction and Exploration Of Massive Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring team effectiveness in cyber-defense exercises: a cross-disciplinary case study

Granåsen

Andersson

2015

Cogn Tech Work

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In 2010, IT-security experts from northern European governments and organizations gathered to conduct the first of a series of NATO-led cyber-defense exercises in a pilot attempt of training cyber defense. To gain knowledge on how to assess team effectiveness in cyber-defense exercises, this case study investigates the role of behavioral assessment techniques as a complement to task-based performance measurement. The collected data resulted in a massive data set including system logs, observer reports, and surveys. Six different methods were compared for feasibility in assessing the teams' performance, including automated availability check, exploratory sequential data analysis, and network intrusion detection system attack analysis. In addition, observer reports and surveys were used to collect aspects relating to team structures and processes, aiming to discover whether these aspects can explain differences in effectiveness. The cross-disciplinary approach and multiple metrics create possibilities to study not only the performance-related outcome of the exercise, but also why this result is obtained. The main conclusions found are (1) a combination of technical performance measurements and behavioral assessment techniques are needed to assess team effectiveness, and (2) cyber situation awareness is required not only for the defending teams, but also for the observers and the game control.

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“…Hypermedia looks promising to build computerized models of organizational memory from media chunks. There are a plethora of methods and tools to capture and model complex chains of events through multimedia recordings (Abecker & Decker, 1999;Hegarty, 2005;Mayer, 2005;Pilemalm et al, 2008;V. S. Rao & Goldman-Segall, 1995).…”

Section: Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Externalizable Model of Tactical Mission Control for Knowledge Transfer

Andersson

2014

International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management

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Organizations that deal with humanitarian assistance, disaster response and military activities are often exposed to dynamic environments where chaos rules. Under these circumstances, standard operating procedures may not be always be applicable, forcing the controllers to resort to opportunistic, or even scrambled, control. The lack of tactical or strategic control forces the teams to rely on experience from scenario-based training and prior missions. Acquiring, and retaining, such experience is thus essential to prepare for future events. Based on ideas from the knowledge management community, this article proposes an externalizable control model, supporting methods for retaining mission experience through internalization via hypermedia. Such a knowledge base of experience can be used to simplify knowledge sharing, an important matter since first-hand experience from rare and extreme events is, naturally, rare. The knowledge base synthesizes actual decision making processes, complete with context, history, cues, and interactions and is captured through a combination of heterogeneous multimedia recordings, sensor readings, and documents relating to the mission. The approach can complement regular training and apprenticeships, to help establish and maintain a pool of knowledge and increase tactical commanders' recognition-primed decision-making capability.

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Reconstruction and exploration of large-scale distributed operations—Multimedia tools for evaluation of emergency management response

Abstract: This study presents an approach for computersupported reconstruction and exploration (R&E)

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Exploring the Rationale for Emergency Management Information Systems for Local Communities

Exploring the Rationale for Emergency Management Information Systems for Local Communities

Measuring team effectiveness in cyber-defense exercises: a cross-disciplinary case study

An Externalizable Model of Tactical Mission Control for Knowledge Transfer

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