Reconstruction of Abdominal Wall Defect with Composite Scaffold of 3D Printed ADM/PLA in a Rat Model

Abstract

Abdominal wall defects are a frequently occurring condition in surgical practice. The most important are material structure and biocompatibility. In this study, polylactic acid (PLA) mesh composited with a 3D printing of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) material is used to repair abdominal wall defects. The results show that the adhesion score of ADM/PLA composite scaffolds is smaller than PLA meshes. Immunohistochemical assessment reveals that the ADM/PLA composite scaffold can effectively reduce the inflammatory response at the contact surface between the meshes and the abdominal organs. And the ADM/PLA composite scaffold can effectively reduce the expression levels of the inflammation-related factors IL-6 and IL-10. In addition, the ADM/PLA composite scaffold repair is rich in the expression levels of tissue regeneration-related factors vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor 𝜷. Thus, ADM/PLA composite scaffolds can effectively reduce surrounding inflammation to effectively promote the repair of abdominal wall defects.

A Review of Abdominal Meshes for Hernia Repair—Current Status and Emerging Solutions

“…With these advantages in mind, numerous researchers approached 3D printing to generate novel mesh designs with improved performance. Several studies reported on the production of promising 3D-printed meshes, including composite polylactic acid-acellular dermal matrix scaffolds [83], personalized polypropylene-polyvinyl alcohol meshes loaded with ciprofloxacin [84], drug-doped polycaprolactone meshes containing alginate and gentamicin [85], tailored meshes made of alginate and waterbornepolyurethane [86], and custom polycaprolactone constructs impregnated with iodinated, gadolinium, and barium contrast agents [87].…”

Biomedical Application of Decellularized Scaffolds

“…In recent years, decellularized dermal matrix tamponades have been widely used in the treatment of anal fistula. In addition, with the continuous development of 3D bioprinting technology and the application of biological scaffold materials, new ideas have been opened for the treatment of anal fistula by tissue engineering. − …”

A Review of Advanced Abdominal Wall Hernia Patch Materials

“…[4,241] Statistics indicate that post-operative infectious complications related to AWH have a frequency of around 1%∼4%. [175,184,242] Though AWHPMs are sterilized before using, bacterial growth around the patches-AW is unavoidable due to an external bacterial infection or inadequate disinfection caused by human error during the procedure. [242] Inappropriate antimicrobial approaches can extend the period of inflammation and increase the levels of inflammatory factors, thereby prolonging the healing time.…”