Reconstruction of Alpine Lake in Dry Morainic Lake Basin (Dolina Zeleneho Plesa Valley, High Tatras, Slovakia)

Debris flow activity in the Slovak part of the High Tatras in the light of lichenometric dating

“…This proves that the latter flow was inactive in the years 2002 and 1988 or was active, but the material from those years has eroded in recent years. This is where aerial photos are useful, confirming the activity of this debris flow in the above years (Kapusta, 2009;Kapusta et al, 2010), which means that the 2002 and 1988 material has been carried away by water since its deposition.…”

“…1), with their age estimated at around 60 years (Kędzia et al, 2020). On 21 July 1959, the Skalnate Pleso meteorological observatory recorded daily rainfall of only 71.8 mm, but the rainstorm intensity was as high as 49 mm/h (Kapusta, 2009), which was probably the highest intensity in Skalnate Pleso in the period 1949-2008. Therefore, boulders with 12 mm thalli were attributed to the date mentioned above.…”

“…2). The Velická Valley was chosen because of the numerous debris flows that occur there and the debris flow research that has been previously conducted in this valley (Kapusta et al, 2000;Kapusta, 2009).…”

“…Therefore, the boulders with thalli of 12 mm or so in diameter are most likely a remnant of a debris flow caused by intense rainfall on 16 August 2018. On that day, the Skalnate Pleso meteorological station recorded a daily precipitation total of 91.7 mm, but the rainfall intensity was 42 mm/h (Kapusta, 2009).…”

“…Currently, aerial photographs are taken every few years, and sometimes even once a year. However, in the mid-20th century, flights were completed every several or even several dozen years (Kapusta et al, 2000;Kapusta, 2009;Kędzia, 2010). Usually, aerial photography is not sufficient to determine the timing and frequency of flows, but it provides an insight into the scale of processes that take place within the timespans of several years to several decades between individual flights.…”