Reconstruction of Fronto-Orbital and Nasal Defects With Compound Epoxied Maleic Acrylate/Hydroxyapatite Implant Prefabricated With a Computer Design Program

Abstract

The repair of fronto-orbital nasal bone defects may be a troublesome problem to plastic surgeons. This report aims to present the results of reconstruction of fronto-orbital nasal bone defects with the prefabrication of epoxied maleic acrylate/hydroxyapatite compound (EH compound) using 3-dimensional (3D) imaging data and computer-assisted manufacturing techniques, sometimes combined with autogenous bone to repair nasal defect. Helical computed tomography data were used to create a 3D model of the patient's skull. On the basis of these data, the individual shape of the implant was created by a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing program. A rapid prototyping system was applied for production of the physical models. A total of 12 patients with traumatic fronto-orbital nasal defects were included in this study. The patients followed up for 1 to 24 months. The satisfactory results, such as excellent symmetry, stability, and normal fronto-orbital contours were obtained for all patients. The operating time was short without any complications. The depression of the region of fronto-orbital nasal bone defects always achieved an attractive or satisfactory prominence that was in balance and harmony with other facial features of all the patients. This method allows accurate fabrication of the implant. It improves the surgical techniques and reduces the risk of a second intervention, with improved aesthetic outcomes.

Advancements in facial implantology: a review of hydroxyapatite applications and outcomes

“…Implant diameter ranged from 1 to 35 mm, while the implant weight was only reported in one study (8%) ( 19 , 26 , 28 ). Production of hydroxyapatite based patient specific implants via CAD/CAM processing was specifically described in 3 studies ( 18 , 23 , 24 ).…”

Implications of Applying New Technology in Cosmetic and Reconstructive Facial Plastic Surgery

“…Harvesting and in-setting times of flaps are generally improved with preoperative modeling, higher patient satisfaction with preoperative image projections, and a lack of malocclusion in reported studies. 39,48,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] Several of these studies also specifically focused on facial contouring, with a notable reduction in patient desired revision procedures. 57,61,63,65,70 Resident confidence and technical skill were also noted to be improved.…”

Easy, Fast, and Accurate Method of 3-Dimensional Mirror Plane Creation for Actual Clinical Users

“…Surgeons might have a difficult time when they encounter patients who require comprehensive and reconstructive surgeries due to anatomical asymmetry or large facial defects. [1][2][3]. For this reason, there is a rise in interest in establishment of the facial mid-plane with accurate measurement of asymmetry deviation in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery [4].…”