Record-low propagation losses of 154 dB/cm for substrate-type W1 photonic crystal waveguides by means of hole shape engineering

Kappeler, Roman; Kaspar, Peter; Jäckel, H.; Hafner, Ch.

doi:10.1063/1.4753808

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A photonic crystal slab based on Si 3 N 4 has been demonstrated to work in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Moreover, photonic crystals based on InP/InGaAsP structure have been prepared with a slight loss [ 115 ].…”

Section: Waveguides and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to Photonics: Principles and the Most Recent Applications of Microstructures

et al. 2018

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Light has found applications in data transmission, such as optical fibers and waveguides and in optoelectronics. It consists of a series of electromagnetic waves, with particle behavior. Photonics involves the proper use of light as a tool for the benefit of humans. It is derived from the root word “photon”, which connotes the tiniest entity of light analogous to an electron in electricity. Photonics have a broad range of scientific and technological applications that are practically limitless and include medical diagnostics, organic synthesis, communications, as well as fusion energy. This will enhance the quality of life in many areas such as communications and information technology, advanced manufacturing, defense, health, medicine, and energy. The signal transmission methods used in wireless photonic systems are digital baseband and RoF (Radio-over-Fiber) optical communication. Microwave photonics is considered to be one of the emerging research fields. The mid infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy offers a principal means for biological structure analysis as well as nonintrusive measurements. There is a lower loss in the propagations involving waveguides. Waveguides have simple structures and are cost-efficient in comparison with optical fibers. These are important components due to their compactness, low profile, and many advantages over conventional metallic waveguides. Among the waveguides, optofluidic waveguides have been found to provide a very powerful foundation for building optofluidic sensors. These can be used to fabricate the biosensors based on fluorescence. In an optical fiber, the evanescent field excitation is employed to sense the environmental refractive index changes. Optical fibers as waveguides can be used as sensors to measure strain, temperature, pressure, displacements, vibrations, and other quantities by modifying a fiber. For some application areas, however, fiber-optic sensors are increasingly recognized as a technology with very interesting possibilities. In this review, we present the most common and recent applications of the optical fiber-based sensors. These kinds of sensors can be fabricated by a modification of the waveguide structures to enhance the evanescent field; therefore, direct interactions of the measurand with electromagnetic waves can be performed. In this research, the most recent applications of photonics components are studied and discussed.

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Section: Waveguides and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to Photonics: Principles and the Most Recent Applications of Microstructures

et al. 2018

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“…Recent progress [6] showed that the angled-sidewall of the conical/cylindro-conical hole shape is responsible for the large propagation losses in these singlemode PhC waveguides. The hole shape can be improved by either etching deeper holes using a 800 nm-thick SiN x hard mask [7] or by hole shape engineering [8], which results in propagation losses as low as 150 -350 dB/cm. Both the thick SiN x hard mask and the hole shape engineering processes require additional processing steps.…”

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confidence: 99%

Minimisation of out-of-plane losses in slab photonic crystals by optimising vertical heterostructure

et al. 2012

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Planar line-defect photonic crystal waveguides with a weak vertical refractive index contrast (substrate-type) suffer from large propagation losses in the order of 600 -1000 dB/cm. A possibility to reduce propagation losses is to optimise the vertical layer stack for a given hole shape. This strategy is pursued to reduce the propagation losses numerically and experimentally. It is demonstrated that the loss figure can vary by a factor of about 2 for relatively small changes in the core layer thickness.

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“…Attempts of realizing PhC travelling wave semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) [4] are confronted by various challenges, e.g. excessive propagation losses due to mode leakage into substrate [5] as well as heating issues. However, recent progress within PhC Lasers [6,7,8] witness the continued development of the PhC membrane platform, indicating the feasibility of realizing PhC amplifiers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of carrier depletion and light amplification in active slow light photonic crystal waveguides

Chen¹,

Mørk²

2013

Opt. Express

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Using a perturbative approach, we perform a quantitative threedimensional analysis of slow-light enhanced traveling wave amplification in an active semiconductor photonic crystal waveguide. The impact of slow-light propagation on the carrier-depletion-induced nonlinear gain saturation of the device is investigated. An effective rate-equation-based model is presented. It is shown that it well accounts for the three-dimensional simulation results. Simulations indicate that a slow-light-enhanced photonic crystal traveling-wave amplifier has a high small-signal modal gain and low saturation power.

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Record-low propagation losses of 154 dB/cm for substrate-type W1 photonic crystal waveguides by means of hole shape engineering

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Introduction to Photonics: Principles and the Most Recent Applications of Microstructures

Introduction to Photonics: Principles and the Most Recent Applications of Microstructures

Minimisation of out-of-plane losses in slab photonic crystals by optimising vertical heterostructure

Theory of carrier depletion and light amplification in active slow light photonic crystal waveguides

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