Recording and Analysis of the Human Clinical Electroretinogram

Gauvin, Mathieu; Dorfman, Allison; Lachapelle, Pierre

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7522-8_23

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The waveform (figure 3) can be altered by a variety of retinal disorders. It is used to monitor disease progression,92 and its mean amplitude decreases with age 93. Its main limitation stems from the summed activation from the whole retina, which can lead to, for example, normal full-field fERG results for blind patients with macular degeneration 94…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flash ERG 59 (fERG) is a full-field light flash stimulation indicative of cone or rod function in photopic and scotopic conditions. The waveform ( Figure 2A-F ) can be altered by a variety of retinal disorders, it is used to monitor disease progression 79 and its mean amplitude decreases with age. 77 Its main limitation stems from the summed activation from the whole retina which can lead to e.g., normal full-field fERG results for blind patients with macular degeneration.…”

Section: Retinal Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and functional changes in the retina in Parkinson’s disease

Alves

Westner

Højlund

et al. 2023

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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Parkinson’s disease is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, originating in thesubstantia nigra pars compactaand characterised by bradykinesia, rest tremor and rigidity. In addition, visual disorders and retinal abnormalities are often present and can be identified by decreased visual acuity, abnormal spatial contrast sensitivity or even difficulty in complex visual task completion. Because of their early onset in patients with de novo Parkinson’s disease, the anatomical retinal changes and electrophysiological modification could be valuable markers even at early stages of the disease. However, due to the concomitant occurrence of normal ageing, the relevance and specificity of these predictive values can be difficult to interpret. This review examines retinal dysfunction arising in Parkinson’s disease. We highlight the electrophysiological delays and decreased amplitude in the electroretinography recorded in patients and animal models. We relate this to coexisting anatomical changes such as retinal nerve fibre layer and macular thinning, measured using optical coherence tomography, and show that functional measures are more consistent overall than optical coherence-measured structural changes. We review the underlying chemical changes seen with loss of retinal dopaminergic neurons and the effect of levodopa treatment on the retina in Parkinson’s disease. Finally, we consider whether retinal abnormalities in Parkinson’s disease could have a role as potential markers of poorer outcomes and help stratify patients at early stages of the disease. We emphasise that retinal measures can be valuable, accessible and cost-effective methods in the early evaluation of Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis with potential for patient stratification.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Retinal Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional changes in the retina in Parkinson’s disease

Alves

Westner

Højlund

et al. 2023

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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show abstract

“…Of further interest, rod responses were usually significantly more attenuated than cone responses [16], a finding also previously reported in a study [17] that compared a tabletop system (LKC UTAS-3000) with the LKC MGS-2 system (also a handheld mini-ganzfeld ERG device no longer manufactured by LKC). No studies to date looked at the RETeval ® responses using a time-frequency approach claimed to be superior in dissecting the ERG waveform into its primary constituents [18]. To do so, experiments were conducted in normal subjects as well as in patients affected with congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB), a retinal ON pathway anomaly [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], and congenital postreceptoral cone pathway anomaly (CPCPA), a retinal OFF pathway anomaly [30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the RETeval® portable ERG device with more traditional tabletop ERG systems in normal subjects and selected retinopathies

et al. 2022

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Purpose Our study aimed to determine if ISCEV standard-like ERGs recorded with the LKC RETeval® portable ERG unit compared to those obtained using the more traditional tabletop unit. Methods ERGs recorded from normal subjects and patients affected with retinal ON and OFF pathway anomalies were compared. Analysis included peak time and amplitude measurements as well as time–frequency domain analysis with the discrete wavelet transform of waveforms obtained with the two systems. Results Although both systems were similarly able to record reliable and highly reproducible ERG responses, there were major discrepancies in ERG responses between the portable and tabletop units, pointing toward a weaker stimulation of the retinal OFF pathway with the portable RETeval® unit. Conclusion The portable RETeval® unit appears to be able to record highly reproducible and diagnostically useful clinical ERGs, albeit with some significant differences in waveform composition compared to those obtained with more standard tabletop systems. Given the unknown origin of these waveform discrepancies, if left uncorrected, these differences could potentially lead to erroneous interpretation when used in the clinical context and/or compared to ERGs recorded using more traditional table top units. Clearly, more research is warranted before handheld devices, such as the RETeval®, can be homologated as a diagnostically sound ERG devices.

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Recording and Analysis of the Human Clinical Electroretinogram

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Structural and functional changes in the retina in Parkinson’s disease

Structural and functional changes in the retina in Parkinson’s disease

Comparing the RETeval® portable ERG device with more traditional tabletop ERG systems in normal subjects and selected retinopathies

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