Records of Holocene climatic fluctuations and anthropogenic lead input in elemental distribution and radiogenic isotopes (Nd and Pb) in sediments of the Gulf of Lions (Southern France)

Abstract

Marine mud belts represent potential continuous high-resolution climatic, environmental and anthropogenic archives. In this study, a geochemical record of the Gulf of Lions mud belt, which receives sediments from the Rhône watershed and to a lesser extent from the Languedoc region, is reported from Core KSGC-31. The effects of natural climatic changes and possible anthropogenic disturbances on Holocene sedimentation were ascertained by analysing sedimentation rates, chemical weathering (Al2O3/K2O) and sediment-source shifts (neodymium isotopic ratios; εNd). Measurements of elemental and isotopic lead were used to trace the source and determine the potential vectors of anthropogenic contaminations over the Holocene. High εNd values, recorded from 9000 to 3000 calibrated annum before present (cal. a BP) and around 1500 and 600 cal. a BP, are interpreted as an increase in sediment transport from the Alpine crystalline massifs to the sea induced by enhanced hydro-sedimentary conditions upstream. During the early and middle Holocene, low and stable weathering conditions were persistent, while the late Holocene was characterized by higher and more fluctuating weathering conditions. Sudden changes in the 206Pb/207Pb ratio observed during the Roman and Medieval periods suggest clear shifts in lead source from a natural Holocene background to late Holocene anthropogenic contaminations. Even though those shifts are coeval with atmospheric lead contaminations from Spain and Germany recorded in several sediment and ice archives, the local origin (the Cévennes) and the fluvial contamination is more likely in these cases. Those findings are contemporaneous with historical mining records in the Cévennes and point to an intensification of the merchant shipping.

Sources, Transport, and accumulation of Mercury in the northwestern Mediterranean margin sediments during the Industrial Era and influence of turbiditic events

“…For that purpose, we have analyzed material collected in sediment traps, surface sediment samples, including coastal lagoons, and dated sediment cores distributed from the Rhône prodelta to the continental rise and in submarine canyons. The interpretation of our results has benefited from the contribution of numerous studies which cover the geological context, sedimentary characteristics, and anthropogenic influences on the study area (e.g., Zuo et al, 1991Zuo et al, , 1997Miralles et al, 2005Miralles et al, , 2006Rabineau et al, 2005;Roussiez et al, 2006;Cathalot et al, 2010;Canals et al, 2013;Fanget et al, 2013;Cossa et al, 2017Cossa et al, , 2018aNizou et al, 2019;Dennielou et al, 2019;Estournel et al, 2023;Durrieu de Madron et al, 2020.…”

Depósitos lamosos quaternários na plataforma continental interna entre São Sebastião e Peruíbe (SE Brasil)

“…Apesar do conhecimento desses mecanismos, ainda existem muitos debates acerca da importância particular de cada um deles na dinâmica sedimentar responsável pela gênese dos depósitos lamosos. (Lesueur et al, 2001;Sommerfield e Wheatcroft, 2007;Bernárdez et al, 2008;Calliari et al, 2007;Hanebuth e Lantzsch et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2018;Nizou et al, 2019).…”