Recovering metallic Pb directly from lead smelting dust by NaOH-carbon roasting process

Liu, Jingxin; Huang, Simian; Chen, Kai; Li, Jinping; Wang, Teng; Mei, Meng

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.01.007

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the traditional pyrometallurgical technologies, the reduction temperature of lead sulfate should be controlled above 1000 °C, accompanied by the toxic flue dust and acid gas (SO x ). Meanwhile, the lead recovery from LSR is a complex procedure and a large amount of wastewater is produced in the hydrometallurgical technologies .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Facile and Environmentally Friendly Approach for Lead Recovery from Lead Sulfate Residue via Mechanochemical Reduction: Phase Transformation and Reaction Mechanism

Che

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lead sulfate residue (LSR) is an important secondary lead resource also categorized as a hazardous waste, which has gained great attention in clean and sustainable utilization technology due to the shortage of primary resources and environmental pollution. The current methods for LSR treatment involve a potential environmental risk including emission of SO x gas and generation of waste acids and alkali. Herein, an environmentally friendly method is proposed for treating LSR, by which lead was reduced under ambient conditions via mechanical ball milling using iron powder as the reductant. The phase transformation of lead was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, revealing that the reduction time, rotation speed, mass ratio of ball to material (B/M), and iron powder dosage positively influenced the reduction of lead sulfate. The highest lead sulfate reduction efficiency of 99.9% was obtained under optimum conditions: rotation speed of 300 rpm, reduction time of 2 h, B/M of 15 g/g, and 1.5 times the theoretical dosage of iron powder. The generated ferrous sulfate was subsequently removed by water washing, and excess iron powder was separated by melting, accompanied by metallic lead produced with a high purity of 99.2%. This process is simple and environmentally friendly, showing good potential for industrial application.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Facile and Environmentally Friendly Approach for Lead Recovery from Lead Sulfate Residue via Mechanochemical Reduction: Phase Transformation and Reaction Mechanism

Che

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The chemical composition of the slurry, except for rhenium and osmium, was carried out on an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS, Agilent 240AA, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Osmium and rhenium contents were determined by photocolorimetry methods [15,17]. The chemical composition of the reduction smelting products was additionally analyzed by X-ray spectroscopy (XSM, JCXA 733, «Superprobe», JEOL, Japan) and electron-probe microanalysis on a micro probe using an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS, INCA ENERGY, Company "Oxford Instruments Analytical", Great Britain) at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV, probe current 25 nA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the physicochemical properties of osmium-chalcophiles, there is an accumulating ability in melts of lead, silver and copper in the reduction processes of oxides of these metals [13,14] and high affinity for oxygen even in weak reducing atmospheres with the formation of rhenium oxide [15]. Moreover, with the main component of lead sludge in the form of lead sulfate, we set the goal of studying the process of reduction smelting with the production of black lead.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Rhenium and Osmium from Lead Technogenic Raw Materials of Copper Production

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lead sludge from copper production is a source of rare metals, such as rhenium and osmium, whose content reaches 0.06–0.08% and 0.0025–0.0050%, respectively. The base of the sludge consists of lead sulfate. A method of reductive smelting of lead sludge from copper smelting production at 1000–1100 °C has been developed. Coke was used as a reducing agent and sodium sulfate as a slag-forming material. Optimal conditions for selective extraction of rare metals in smelting products were found: osmium in the form of metallic form into raw lead and rhenium in the form of perrhenate compound Na5ReO6 into sodium-sulfate slag. The developed technology makes it possible to extract rhenium with a high degree of extraction in the form of water-soluble compounds for the subsequent production of commercial salts of rhenium by the known hydrometallurgical methods. The content of rhenium in the slag phase is 0.18–0.25%, with its initial content in the slime of 0.06–0.08%. The degree of rhenium concentration at the first stage of processing is 3–3.2 times in the form of water-soluble perrhenate. Osmium and lead do not form solid solutions; osmium in crude lead is mainly concentrated in the lower zones of lead. A method of obtaining a concentrate containing 53–67% osmium from raw lead with an initial content of 0.0025–0.0050% in the slurry and a concentration number of 13,000–21,000 times has been proposed.

show abstract

“…With the determination of its toxic effects thanks to the developing technology, the direct or indirect use of lead in many products have been banned or limited. However, it is still widely used in the battery manufacturing industry, insulation of underground communication cables, protection from X-rays due to its radiation-blocking properties, and ammunition production [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Reduction of Lead Sulphide in NaCl-KCl and NaCl-KCl-%2Na2S

Kartal¹

2022

Sakarya University Journal of Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the lead production from lead sulfide (PbS) by molten salt electrolysis was investigated under potentiostatic and galvanostatic conditions using NaCl-KCl and NaCl-KCl-2%Na2S electrolytes. Stable cell voltage and current were aimed with the addition of Na2S to the NaCl-KCl electrolyte. Reduction experiments were carried out at constant 700 °C temperature and for 15 min. duration. The current density was set to 250 mA/cm 2 for the galvanostatic reduction experiments. It was observed that there was an increase in cell voltage in both electrolytes due to the decrease in the amount of PbS in galvanostatic experiments. In these experiments, it was determined that the reduction occurred at higher cell voltages in the NaCl-KCl electrolyte compared to the NaCl-KCl-2%Na2S electrolyte. Although the cell voltage was aimed to remain constant with the Na2S addition, the cell voltage decreased slightly compared to the NaCl-KCl electrolyte, but increased with the experiment duration as in the NaCl-KCl electrolyte. Potentiostatic reduction experiments carried out at a constant cell voltage of 3.0 V under the electrolyte decomposition voltage. The morphology of the cathode products was examined by SEM-EDS analysis and, the phases were examined by X-ray diffractometry. Higher current values were obtained in the NaCl-KCl-%2Na2S electrolyte compared to the NaCl-KCl electrolyte. Current variation with electrolysis duration showed similar trends in both electrolytes. According to structural characterization, it was determined that the metallic lead mass did not contain any impurities.

show abstract

Recovering metallic Pb directly from lead smelting dust by NaOH-carbon roasting process

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

A Facile and Environmentally Friendly Approach for Lead Recovery from Lead Sulfate Residue via Mechanochemical Reduction: Phase Transformation and Reaction Mechanism

A Facile and Environmentally Friendly Approach for Lead Recovery from Lead Sulfate Residue via Mechanochemical Reduction: Phase Transformation and Reaction Mechanism

Extraction of Rhenium and Osmium from Lead Technogenic Raw Materials of Copper Production

Electrochemical Reduction of Lead Sulphide in NaCl-KCl and NaCl-KCl-%2Na2S

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About