Recovering the Missing Middle: A Mesocomparative Analysis of Within-Group Inequality, 1970–2011

VanHeuvelen, Tom

doi:10.1086/695640

Cited by 41 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…This study focuses on change in local labor markets over time. Yet, multiple definitions have been used in previous research to define geographic labor markets [21,53,54]. For the purposes of this study, labor sheds defined by the Bureau of Economic Analysis provide an ideal measure of labor markets by prioritizing the containment of residents.…”

Section: Unit Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I matched respondents to labor markets by geospatially matching PUMAs (Public Use Microdata Areas) (for years 1990, 2000, and 2010) and county groups (for year 1980) to labor markets. In instances where PUMAs/ county groups straddled the borders of labor markets, I adopted the approach used in previous research [21,54,56,57] and weighted respondents based on the likelihood of residing in each labor market. Further details on this method are included in S1 Appendix.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational gender segregation and economic growth in U.S. local labor markets, 1980 through 2010

Scarborough

2020

PLoS ONE

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The exchange of diverse ideas has been shown to be a major driver of economic growth and innovation in local labor markets across the U.S. Yet, persistently high levels of occupational gender segregation pose a barrier to such exchange between women and men workers. Consistent with this, organizational sociologists have identified multiple economic benefits to gender diversity in workplaces. Yet, it is unclear whether these trends apply to local labor markets, which constitute the ecological geographic environment for firms. In this study, I use fixed effects regression models to examine the relationship between labor market levels of segregation and economic growth from 1980 through 2010. I find that gender segregation hinders the expansion of finance and technology sectors as two industries that rely on the exchange of information and innovation. Consequently, higher levels of gender segregation are also a bane to economic productivity, as measured through hourly wages. Results from this study suggest that gender equity, manifested in lower levels of occupational segregation, is a vital ingredient in the economic development of local U.S. labor markets. OPEN ACCESSCitation: Scarborough WJ (2020) Occupational gender segregation and economic growth in U.S. local labor markets, 1980 through 2010. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0227615. https://doi.org/10.

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Section: Unit Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational gender segregation and economic growth in U.S. local labor markets, 1980 through 2010

Scarborough

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…communities. The United States currently ranks the fourth highest in income inequality among OECD countries (OECD 2017), and income inequality is at the highest levels in the U.S. since the 1920s (Saez 2017;VanHeuvelen 2018). Although income inequality has diffused across the American geography over the past 50 years, there is still substantial variation within trajectories of income inequality, both in terms of differences between rural and more urbanized areas 1 of the United States as well as differences between regions (Moller et al 2009;Peters 2012Peters , 2013Thiede et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drawing on county-level data from the -2000Decennial Census and the 2006-2010 Community Surveys (ACS), this paper examines the respective effects of population growth and decline on county-level income inequality in the United States from 1980 to 2016. We build on a body of research that has examined the effects of major sources of economic and demographic change, including population change, on income inequality (Moller et al 2009;VanHeuvelen 2018). To our knowledge, however, these studies have assumed that the effects of population change on inequality operate in a linear manner rather than explicitly testing for differences between growth and decline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Change and Income Inequality in Rural America

Butler¹,

Wildermuth²,

Thiede³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This paper examines the effects of population growth and decline on county-level income inequality in the United States from 1980 to 2016. Findings from previous research have shown that income inequality is positively associated with population change, but these studies have not explicitly tested for differences between the impacts of population growth and decline. Understanding the implications of population dynamics is particularly important given that many rural areas are characterized by population decline. We analyze county-level data (n=15,375 county-decades) from the Decennial Census and American Community Survey (ACS), applying fixed effects models to estimate the respective effects of population growth and decline on income inequality, to identify the processes that mediate the links between population change and inequality, and to assess whether these effects are moderated by county-level economic and demographic characteristics. We find evidence that population decline is associated with increased levels of income inequality relative to counties experiencing stable and high rates of population growth. This relationship remains robust across a variety of model specifications, including models that account for changes in counties’ employment, sociodemographic, and ethnoracial composition. We also find that the relationship between income inequality and population change varies by metropolitan status, baseline level of inequality, and region.

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“…In other words, in addition to one's personal characteristics, a person's likelihood of being poor or otherwise disadvantaged may be influenced by residence in places with social structures that constrain upward mobility by poor persons or persons with particular demographic characteristics. Places vary with respect to a number of conditions that influence how income (and other resources) are distributed, including the rigidity of social hierarchies, the capacity of local institutions to provide education and health care, industrial-occupational structure, and other labour market institutions that affect equal employment opportunity and equitable returns to work (Duncan, 2014;Lobao et al, 2007;Van Heuvelen, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of rural poverty and inequality in the UK and the US

McAreavey

Brown

2019

Palgrave Commun

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Scholars on both sides of the Atlantic have grappled with the difficulties of conducting comparative research on rural issues in general, and on rural poverty and inequality in particular. Shortall and Warner have observed that "The UK-US dialog is highly illustrative of how seemingly similar situations turn out to be full of complexity and difference." That complexity and difference can serve to turn researchers away from comparative collaborations. We begin our paper with an overview of some of the general differences (and similarities) between how rural scholars in the UK and US have examined poverty and inequality in rural areas. Analysis of the two welfare regimes in these countries provides the backdrop for examining specific aspects of deprivation for rural people and communities. Our paper draws on our experience as members of a trans-Atlantic research group to illustrate the type of organisational infrastructure that can support international, interdisciplinary collaboration. We conclude by offering suggestions for future comparative research. Our paper progresses earlier debates in rural studies on the challenges of doing comparative US-UK analysis.

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Recovering the Missing Middle: A Mesocomparative Analysis of Within-Group Inequality, 1970–2011

Cited by 41 publications

References 90 publications

Occupational gender segregation and economic growth in U.S. local labor markets, 1980 through 2010

Occupational gender segregation and economic growth in U.S. local labor markets, 1980 through 2010

Population Change and Income Inequality in Rural America

Comparative analysis of rural poverty and inequality in the UK and the US

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