Recovery from daily-life stressors in early and chronic psychosis

Vaessen, Thomas; Viechtbauer, Wolfgang; Steen, Yori van der; Gayer‐Anderson, Charlotte; Kempton, Matthew J.; Valmaggia, Lucia; McGuire, Philip; Murray, Robin M.; Garety, Philippa; Wykes, Til; Morgan, Craig; Lataster, Tineke; Lataster, Johan; Collip, Dina; Hernaus, Dennis; Kasanova, Zuzana; Delespaul, Philippe; Oorschot, Margreet; Claes, Stephan; Reininghaus, Ulrich; Myin-Germeys, Inez

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.03.011

Cited by 44 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Notwithstanding, several studies have also reported higher levels of self‐rated paranoia in ARMS as compared to FEP participants, as well as ESE and depressive symptoms (An et al ., 2010), positive self‐schemas (Taylor et al ., 2014), emotional reactivity to stress (Palmier‐Claus, Dunn, & Lewis, 2012) and psychotic experiences (Reininghaus et al ., 2016; van der Steen et al ., 2017). Of note, a recent ESM study that used previously collected data from six ESM studies in samples along the psychosis continuum (NARSAD, MAPS, EUGEI, STRIP1, STRIP2, iTHINK) found that ESM ratings of suspiciousness, tension and negative affect were higher in ARMS individuals than in chronic psychosis patients (Vaessen et al ., 2019). Two major issues could influence this pattern of results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing the relationships between self‐esteem and paranoia in early psychosis: an experience sampling study

Monsonet

Kwapil

Barrantes‐Vidal

2020

British J Clinic Psychol

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Background. No studies have examined the association between self-esteem and paranoia developmentally across the critical stages of psychosis emergence. The present study fills this gap and extends previous research by examining how different dimensions, measures, and types of self-esteem relate to daily-life paranoia across at-risk mental states for psychosis (ARMS) and first episode of psychosis (FEP) stages. Furthermore, the moderation effects of momentary anxiety and momentary perceived social support on the association between momentary self-esteem and paranoia were examined. Design. This study used a multilevel, cross-sectional design. Methods. One-hundred and thirteen participants (74 ARMS and 39 FEP) were assessed repeatedly over seven consecutive days on levels of momentary paranoia, self-esteem, anxiety and perceived social support using experience sampling methodology. Measures of trait and implicit self-esteem were also collected. Results. Global momentary and trait self-esteem, and their positive and negative dimensions, were related to daily-life paranoia in both ARMS and FEP groups. Conversely, implicit self-esteem was not associated with daily-life paranoia in either group. Anxiety negatively moderated the association between positive self-esteem and lower paranoia, whereas both feeling close to others and feeling cared for by others strengthened this association. However, only feeling cared for by others moderated the association between negative self-esteem and higher paranoia. Conclusions. Different types, measures and dimensions of self-esteem are differentially related to paranoia in early psychosis and are influenced by contextual factors in daily-life. This yields a more complex picture of these associations and offers insights that might aid psychological interventions. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing the relationships between self‐esteem and paranoia in early psychosis: an experience sampling study

Monsonet

Kwapil

Barrantes‐Vidal

2020

British J Clinic Psychol

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“…Elevated stress sensitivity is a psychological mechanism that has been widely studied in daily life using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM; Myin-Germeys & van Os, 2007;, 2018Oorschot, Kwapil, Delespaul, & Myin-Germeys, 2009). Stress sensitivity has been conceptualized as increased negative affect and psychotic experiences in response to minor stressors in daily life and has been found in both individuals with an increased familial and psychometric risk for psychosis as well as individuals diagnosed with a psychotic disorder (Collip et al, 2011;Lataster et al, 2009;Myin-Germeys & van Os, 2007;Myin-Germeys, van Os, Schwartz, Stone, & Delespaul, 2001;Palmier-Claus, Dunn, & Lewis, 2012;Reininghaus et al, 2016bReininghaus et al, , 2016cvan der Steen et al, 2017). Also, several models propose that the effects of stress on psychotic experiences are partly mediated through experiences of affective disturbance (Garety et al, 2007;Myin-Germeys & van Os, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the temporal interplay between stress and affective disturbances in pathways to psychosis: an experience sampling study

et al. 2021

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Background One putative psychological mechanism through which momentary stress impacts on psychosis in individuals with increased liability to the disorder is via affective disturbance. However, to date, this has not been systematically tested. We aimed to investigate whether (i) cross-sectional and temporal effects of momentary stress on psychotic experiences via affective disturbance, and (ii) the reverse pathway of psychotic experiences on stress via affective disturbance were modified by familial liability to psychosis. Methods The Experience Sampling Method was used in a pooled data set of six studies with three groups of 245 individuals with psychotic disorder, 165 unaffected first-degree relatives, and 244 healthy control individuals to index familial liability. Multilevel moderated mediation models were fitted to investigate indirect effects across groups cross-sectionally and multilevel cross-lagged panel models to investigate temporal effects in the proposed pathways across two measurement occasions. Results Evidence on indirect effects from cross-sectional models indicated that, in all three groups, effects of stress on psychotic experiences were mediated by negative affect and, vice versa, effects of psychotic experiences on stress were mediated by negative affect, with all indirect effects being weakest in relatives. Longitudinal modelling of data provided no evidence of temporal priority of stress in exerting its indirect effects on psychotic experiences via affective disturbance or, vice versa. Conclusions Our findings tentatively suggest a rapid vicious cycle of stress impacting psychotic experiences via affective disturbances, which does, however, not seem to be consistently modified by familial liability to psychosis.

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“…For that, a design is needed that allows for the prospective and detailed assessment of the impact of minor perturbations in the flow of daily life on mental states. To our knowledge, only one recent study, by Vaessen and colleagues [18], examined in this way the speed of the affect recovery from daily stressors in groups with various levels of psychopathology. They found that speed of affect recovery was slower in people at early stages of psychosis compared to healthy volunteers and people with already developed psychosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These adolescents come from the TWINSSCAN data set which includes baseline time-series data on affect states and daily unpleasant events, combined with baseline and follow-up assessments of (subclinical) psychopathology in a large sample of adolescents. Using a similar approach to measure the concept of "speed of recovery" as Vaessen and colleagues [18], we examined how quickly people recovered in terms of their experienced affect states from small negative events, reflecting minor perturbations, that happened throughout the day (e.g., spilled coffee, traffic jams).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring resilience prospectively as the speed of affect recovery in daily life: a complex systems perspective on mental health

Kuranova

Booij

Menne-Lothmann

et al. 2020

BMC Med

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Introduction: There is growing evidence that mental disorders behave like complex dynamic systems. Complex dynamic systems theory states that a slower recovery from small perturbations indicates a loss of resilience of a system. This study is the first to test whether the speed of recovery of affect states from small daily life perturbations predicts changes in psychopathological symptoms over 1 year in a group of adolescents at increased risk for mental disorders.Methods: We used data from 157 adolescents from the TWINSSCAN study. Course of psychopathology was operationalized as the 1-year change in the Symptom Checklist-90 sum score. Two groups were defined: one with stable and one with increasing symptom levels. Time-series data on momentary daily affect and daily unpleasant events were collected 10 times a day for 6 days at baseline. We modeled the time-lagged effect of daily unpleasant events on negative and positive affect after each unpleasant event experienced, to examine at which time point the impact of the events is no longer detectable.Results: There was a significant difference between groups in the effect of unpleasant events on negative affect 90 min after the events were reported. Stratified by group, in the Increase group, the effect of unpleasant events on both negative (B = 0.05, p < 0.01) and positive affect (B = − 0. 08, p < 0.01) was still detectable 90 min after the events, whereas in the Stable group this was not the case. Conclusion: Findings cautiously suggest that adolescents who develop more symptoms in the following year may display a slower affect recovery from daily perturbations at baseline. This supports the notion that mental health may behave according to the laws of a complex dynamic system. Future research needs to examine whether these dynamic indicators of system resilience may prove valuable for personalized risk assessment in this field.

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Recovery from daily-life stressors in early and chronic psychosis

Cited by 44 publications

References 45 publications

Deconstructing the relationships between self‐esteem and paranoia in early psychosis: an experience sampling study

Deconstructing the relationships between self‐esteem and paranoia in early psychosis: an experience sampling study

Modelling the temporal interplay between stress and affective disturbances in pathways to psychosis: an experience sampling study

Measuring resilience prospectively as the speed of affect recovery in daily life: a complex systems perspective on mental health

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