Recovery from Ultraviolet- and Alkylating-Agent-Induced Damage in Bacillus subtilis

Strauss, Bernard S.; Reiter, Harvard; Searashi, T.

doi:10.2307/3583558

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is sensitive to UV and MMS and deficient in host-cell reactivation. It is reckless in its repair of damaged DNA and recombines poorly (38,41). It is also slightly MC-sensitive.…”

Section: Jbi-49(59) Has Several Interesting Biologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since uvrcells, which fail to excise pyrimidine dimers, are sensitive to UV but not to MMS (38), the defect in JBI-49(59) appears to be in one of the later steps in the excision-repair model sequence. The rate of DNA degradation after UV or MMS treatment is even greater for JB1-49(59) than for the wild type (39,41). As this breakdown requires metabolism for its maximum extent, it probably represents not simple autolysis of nonviable cells, but rather specific exonuclease activity.…”

Section: Jbi-49(59) Has Several Interesting Biologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison of the properties of the E. coli polAl mutant and those of JBI-49(59) reveals many similarities: both are sensitive to MMS and UV (7,12,38), their UV sensitivities being quantitatively similar; both are deficient in host-cell reactivation of UV-treated phage, but not to the extent found in excision-defective strains (19,38); both have normal mutability (44; Hill, Prakash, and Strauss, Bacteriol. Proc., p. 26,1971) and display excessive breakdown of DNA after UV irradiation (4,41). The mutants differ in that the B. subtilis mutant has a higher level of DNA polymerase activity, measured with certain templates (from 1 to 33% of the wildtype activity in crude extracts, depending on template), and only the B. subtilis mutant appears deficient in its ability to recombine (8,12).…”

Section: Jbi-49(59) Has Several Interesting Biologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerase Activity in a Methyl Methanesulfonate-Sensitive Mutant of Bacillus subtilis

et al. 1971

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Of six deoxyribonucleic acid repair mutants of Bacillus subtilis assayed for deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase, only the methyl methanesulfonate-sensitive and ultraviolet light-sensitive mutant JBI-49(59) has impaired polymerase activity. Extracts prepared by sonic treatment or gentle lysis had about 10% of the wild-type activity with poly d(A-T), an alternating copolymer of deoxyadenylate and deoxythymidylate, used as template. The sensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate and ultraviolet light and the low level of polymerase activity transformed and reverted together, indicating that the two characteristics are a pleiotropic manifestation of a single mutation. Mixed extract and kinetic experiments mitigated against an altered nuclease activity as the enzymatic consequence of the mutation. Also, the mutant and wild type activities were stimulated equally by Escherichia coli exonuclease III. The residual activity in the mutant showed several differences from the wild-type activity: it purified differently, was more sensitive to sulfhydryl reagents, and displayed a different template specificity. We tentatively conclude that either the mutation in JBI-49(59) has introduced a qualitative as well as a quantitative change in the polymerase or the wild type contains two distinct polymerases, one of which is missing in the mutant.

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“…It is sensitive to UV and MMS and deficient in host-cell reactivation. It is reckless in its repair of damaged DNA and recombines poorly (38,41). It is also slightly MC-sensitive.…”

Section: Jbi-49(59) Has Several Interesting Biologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jbi-49(59) Has Several Interesting Biologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jbi-49(59) Has Several Interesting Biologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerase Activity in a Methyl Methanesulfonate-Sensitive Mutant of Bacillus subtilis

et al. 1971

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“…3) the sex factor and the chromosome are connected by a single DNA strand, in distinction to normal chromosome donors. Despite the presumed shortness of such a single-stranded connection, we thought it possible that transfer by such a structure might prove more sensitive to the action of agents such as X-rays and MMS which are supposed to produce single-stranded breaks in DNA (see Marcovitch, 1961;Brooks & Lawley, 1961;Strauss & Wahl, 1964;Wahl, 1965), although in the case of MMS there is evidence that part, at least, of its effect is subject to a repair process based on excision (Strauss, Reiter & Searashi, 1966;Reiter, Strauss, Robbins & Marone, 1967).…”

Section: Experiments With Rec+ and Uvr+ Escherichia Coli Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet Induction of Chromosome Transfer by Autonomous Sex Factors in Escherichia coli

Evenchik¹,

Stacey²,

Hayes³

1969

Journal of General Microbiology

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K 12 bacteria, carrying an autonomous F factor or an F-prime factor, enhances the fertility of the population by increasing the number of cells which can transfer the bacterial chromosome. In contrast, under similar conditions the fertility of irradiated Hfr populations falls in proportion to the survivors. Following irradiation, the effect begins to develop after about 30 min. incubation in broth at 37", reaches a peak at about 90 min., and thereafter slowly declines. The effect develops with similar kinetics during post-irradiation incubation in minimal medium as in broth, provided the bacteria have been minimal-grown; in the case of broth-grown cells, appearance of the effect in minimal medium is greatly delayed. A comparison of the kinetics of the effect with the growth of the population as a whole shows that the u.v.-induced donor state is not inheritable. Mitomycin C, which resembles U.V. radiation in producing DNA damage repairable by a mechanism involving excision of single-stranded fragments, also induces new donor bacteria. Other agents such as X-rays and methyl methansulphonate (MMS) do not stimulate the production of new donors but may enhance the recombination frequency since cells killed by them may continue to act as chromosome donors. The effect is not shown either by uvr mutants (unable to excise thymine dimers) or by rec mutants (unable to mediate recombination) which carry an F-prime factor. A possible mechanism is suggested whereby the excision of single-stranded fragments of the bacterial chromosome, during the repair of U.V. damage, facilitates pairing with homologous regions of the complementary sex factor strand. A recombination event, mediated by breakage and covalent bonding, then joins a free end of the excised DNA strand to the paired sex factor strand. In this way, recombination connects sex factor and chromosome by only a single strand instead of by the two strands which normally leads to insertion and the formation of an Hfr chromosome. It is postulated that such a structure can be transferred at conjugation, but is incapable of more than one cycle of replication.

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Alkylation induced gene conversion in yeast: Use in fine structure mapping

Snow

Korch

1970

Molec. Gen. Genet.

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Recovery from Ultraviolet- and Alkylating-Agent-Induced Damage in Bacillus subtilis

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Altered Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerase Activity in a Methyl Methanesulfonate-Sensitive Mutant of Bacillus subtilis

Altered Deoxyribonucleic Acid Polymerase Activity in a Methyl Methanesulfonate-Sensitive Mutant of Bacillus subtilis

Ultraviolet Induction of Chromosome Transfer by Autonomous Sex Factors in Escherichia coli

Alkylation induced gene conversion in yeast: Use in fine structure mapping

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