Recovery of fuel from real waste oily sludge via a new eco-friendly surfactant material used in a digital baffle batch extraction unit

Abstract

This study focused on developing a new cocktail extraction agent (CEA) composed of solvent and a new surfactant material (SM) for enhancing the efficiency of fuel recovery from real waste oil sludge (WSO). The effects of different solvents (e.g. methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), naphtha, petrol and kerosene), SMs (Dowfax and sodium thiosulfate), extraction time (10–20 min), extraction temperatures (20–60 °C) and CEA/sludge ratios (1–4) on the extraction performance were investigated. SMs and DBBE design enhanced the extraction efficiency by increasing the dispersion of solvent in WSO and enhancing the mixing and mass transfer rates. Results proved that Dowfax was the best SM for oil recovery under various conditions. The best CEA (e.g. MEK and Dowfax) provides the maximum fuel recovery rate of 97% at a period of 20 min, temperature of 60 °C and 4:1 CEA/sludge ratio. The produced fuel was analysed and fed to the distillation process to produce diesel oil. The characteristics of diesel oil were measured, and findings showed that it needs treatment processes prior its use as a finished fuel.

Efficient immobilization of acids into activated carbon for high durability and continuous desulfurization of diesel fuel

“…The cetane index for MDF and RDF was 53.9 and 54 before the process and 54 and 54.1 after the adsorption process under the best conditions. The cetane index for MDF and RDF before and after the process showed insignificant changes in the properties of diesel fuel 56,88 …”

“…The cetane index for MDF and RDF before and after the process showed insignificant changes in the properties of diesel fuel. 56,88 3.3 | Regeneration process of the spent adsorbent (AC-M1)…”

Adsorption efficiency of crystal violet from the aqueous phase onto a carbonaceous material prepared from waste cotton and polyester

“…, adsorption, membrane filtration, ion exchange, electrochemical techniques, coagulation, flocculation, reverse osmosis, ozonation, chemical oxidation, activated sludge, and bacterial action). 11–13 Among these methods, adsorption stands out as a prominent technique in green chemistry for removing pollutants from aqueous phases. This is primarily due to its cost-effectiveness, adaptability with minimal sludge generation, straightforwardness, effectiveness, and rapidity.…”

“…This is primarily due to its cost-effectiveness, adaptability with minimal sludge generation, straightforwardness, effectiveness, and rapidity. 13,14 Furthermore, it typically does not generate by-products with substantial environmental hazard risks. 15–17…”