Recovery of gallium and vanadium from coal fly ash.

Tsuboi, Izumi; Kasai, Sabu; Kunugita, Eiichi; Komasawa, Isao

doi:10.1252/jcej.24.15

Cited by 32 publications

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“…Leaching via acidic and alkaline treatments, followed by a subsequent step of metal recovery from leachates involving either solvent extraction, selective precipitation, or solid-phase separation (Tsuboi et al 1991, Vitolo et al 2000, Font et al 2007, Navarro et al 2007, Yang et al 2010, and vapor phase extraction (Murase et al 1998) is attempted to reclaim rare metals from the waste ashes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of the Rare Metals from Various Waste Ashes with the Aid of Temperature and Ultrasound Irradiation Using Chelants

Hasegawa

Rahman

Egawa

et al. 2014

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The incineration fly ash (IFA), molten fly ash (MFA), thermal power plant fly ash (TPP-FA), and nonferrous metal processing plant ash (MMA) have been screened in terms of the following rare-termed metal contents: B, Ce, Co, Dy, Eu, Ga, Gd, Hf, In, Li, Lu, Mn, Nb, Nd, Ni, Pr, Rb, Sb, Se, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Te, Ti, Tm, V, W, Y, and Yb. The pseudo-potential for recycling of the waste ashes, as compared to the cumulative concentration in the crust (mg kg -1 ), was determined as follows: MMA > IFA > MFA > TPP-FA. The comparison with the crude ore contents indicates that the MMA is the best resource for reprocessing. The recovery of the target metals using aminopolycarboxylate chelants (APCs) has been attempted at varying experimental conditions and ultrasound-induced environment. A better APC-induced extraction yield can be achieved at 0.10 mol L -1 concentration of chelant, or if the system temperature was maintained between 60 to 80 °C. Nevertheless, the mechanochemical reaction induced by the ultrasound irradiation has been, so far, the better option for rare metal dissolution with chelants as it can be conducted at a minimum chelant concentration (0.01 mol L -1 ) and at room temperature (25±0.5 °C).Keywords: Rare metals; Recovery; Fly ash; Solid waste; Aminopolycarboxylate chelant; Ultrasound irradiation 2Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 225(9): 2112 The original publication is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2112-9 IntroductionThe consumption rates of the metals are continually increasing due to the diversification in applications. On the contrary, the supply of metals becomes more and more limited because the resources are nonrenewable (Guinée et al. 1999). The natural deposits of some metals, which have been increasingly consumed as a key material in clean energy applications or in designing alluring daily life gadgets, are unevenly distributed in the world and have an unsteady supply chain or fluctuating market price according to the policy of the resource country (Dodson et al. 2012, Massari & Ruberti 2013. The terminology, rare metal, is thus introduced to interpret such metals, which is not an academically defined one, and there is no consensus on which element it pertains (AIST Rare Metal Task Force 2008, Kooroshy et al. 2010). For example, in Japan, 31 ores, including the rare earth elements as a group, have been designated as rare metals in terms of the concern in securing a stable supply of resources (Kawamoto 2008). Consequently, other than the refinery production, the reclaim processing of rare metals from secondary resources, such as process discards from the rare metal-consuming manufacturing schemes (Hsieh et al. 2009, Liu et al. 2009, Kang et al. 2011, Li et al. 2011, Park 2011, Virolainen et al. 2011, Hasegawa et al. 2013b or end-oflife electronic products (Shimizu et al. 2005, Cui & Zhang 2008, Rabah 2008, Bertuol et al. 2009, Binnemans et al. 2013, Hasegawa et al. 2013c, Hasegawa et al. 2013a, received sincere focus from the researchers.Municipal solid waste (MSW) manageme...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of the Rare Metals from Various Waste Ashes with the Aid of Temperature and Ultrasound Irradiation Using Chelants

Hasegawa

Rahman

Egawa

et al. 2014

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…Several individual studies have pointed to this waste from energy plants as an alternative potential reservoir for element gallium [5,[36][37][38][39]. However, gallium extraction from coal combustion or gasification waste is yet to be put to large scale exploitation [3,7].…”

Section: Extraction From Coal Fly Ash In Energy Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, gallium extraction from coal combustion or gasification waste is yet to be put to large scale exploitation [3,7]. The presence of gallium in coal ash is well established by different studies [36][37][38][39]. Whereas the in some coal samples the concentration of gallium is in the order of 1 ppm [38] its concentration in fly ash is 57 times greater.…”

Section: Extraction From Coal Fly Ash In Energy Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Growing Global Demand for Element Gallium: Electrical and Electronic Waste and Coal Fly Ash as Alternative Sources for its Sustainable Supply

2017

IJSR

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Gallium (Ga) is listed among the critical elements because of its high demand, low crustal concentration and dispersed occurrence. Growth in demand for this element is a response to proliferation in production of electronic devices and a global effort to decarbonised power production. This situation calls for exploitation of alternative sources such as fly ash and recycling processes from finished products. Wide implementation of these options is yet to be witnessed or still in their infancy with only a few facilities worldwide. This is attributable to low material intensity per unit product and the fact that this kind of waste has not accumulated high enough to attract recycling for instance. Most gallium bearing devices though have other critical, precious and or non-precious elements that co-exist with it. These co-existing elements are relatively high in concentrations and some of them are already being recycled from the same end-of-life products. Therefore an option that involves co-recovery of gallium together with other co-existing elements which are already being recycled and extraction from other sources such as fly ash is to be a viable pursuit in sustaining gallium supply. Viability stems on the similarities of gallium concentration in those sources, recovery methods and conditions used in recycling of gallium. More research however, to explore potential combinations of co-existing metals to be co-extracted with and methods to be employed is vital.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each ash has its own identity, depending on the characteristics of the burned oil and the place of ash formation, which involves development of an appropriate treatment to recover such metals. Recovery of vanadium and nickel from fly ash can be achieved by acid [5][6][7], alkaline [8][9][10] or water leaching [11,12].A process was developed [5] at Canadian Petrofina Ltd. for large scale production of vanadium from fly ash, the process consists of leaching the fly ash with sulfuric acid to dissolve vanadium and filtrating the resulting slurry. The vanadium was separated from the filtrate by oxidizing to pentavalent state with sodium chlorate and precipitating with ammonia.…”

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Recovery of vanadium, nickel and molybdenum from fly ash of heavy oil-fired electrical power station

Stas¹,

Dahdouh²,

Al-Chayah³

2007

Per. Pol. Chem. Eng.

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After some preliminary tests, two leaching stages of fly ash to recover vanadium, molybdenum and nickel were selected. A first stage was an alkaline leaching of fly ash to recover vanadium and molybdenum followed by a second stage using sulfuric acid leaching of the residual ash to recover nickel.The impact of some operational parameters (liquid/solid, leaching temperature, mixing time, and agent leaching concentrations) on the recovery of V, Ni was investigated.Conditions of precipitation of V and Mo from alkaline medium and Ni from sulfuric acid solution were established. IntroductionTwo fundamental reasons underline the interest of metals recovering from waste ash: First, reduction of pollution source. Metals as V, Ni, Mo,. . . etc. were found to be leached out of the waste ash contaminating water and soil [1,2]. Second, the economic value of the recovered metals seems to be very attractive.Many technological process have been proposed to recover V, Ni, Mo,. . . etc. from fly ash, but most literature on this subject is in the form of patents [3,4]. Each ash has its own identity, depending on the characteristics of the burned oil and the place of ash formation, which involves development of an appropriate treatment to recover such metals. Recovery of vanadium and nickel from fly ash can be achieved by acid [5][6][7], alkaline [8][9][10] or water leaching [11,12].A process was developed [5] at Canadian Petrofina Ltd. for large scale production of vanadium from fly ash, the process consists of leaching the fly ash with sulfuric acid to dissolve vanadium and filtrating the resulting slurry. The vanadium was separated from the filtrate by oxidizing to pentavalent state with sodium chlorate and precipitating with ammonia. The hydrated pentoxide was dried, fused and cast into flakes. The author does not indicate any solution purification operation that leads to 99% of pure pentoxide.Other authors [8] consider that acid leaching is inefficient for vanadium dissolution and they propose an alkaline leaching using a high concentration of NaOH that gives about 94% of vanadium recovery. After vanadium recovery, the remaining ashes contain 15% nickel; the latter can be recovered by leaching with 30% H 2 SO 4 .H. Ottartun [13] used H 2 SO 4 coming from the solvent unit extraction to leach the ash. During leaching, vanadium is kept in its tetravalent state by feeding SO 2 to the solution. Solvent extraction of (V +4 ) is performed with 20% di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid and 15% tributylphosphate. The raffinate is returned to the leaching stage.Our main objective is to systematically investigate the optimum conditions of V, Mo and Ni recovery from fly ash produced from heavy oil-fired electrical power stations, which gives the best yield of leaching and purity of the final product.

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Recovery of gallium and vanadium from coal fly ash.

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Recovery of the Rare Metals from Various Waste Ashes with the Aid of Temperature and Ultrasound Irradiation Using Chelants

Recovery of the Rare Metals from Various Waste Ashes with the Aid of Temperature and Ultrasound Irradiation Using Chelants

The Growing Global Demand for Element Gallium: Electrical and Electronic Waste and Coal Fly Ash as Alternative Sources for its Sustainable Supply

Recovery of vanadium, nickel and molybdenum from fly ash of heavy oil-fired electrical power station

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