2019
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b01724
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Recovery of Gallium, Indium, and Arsenic from Semiconductors Using Tribromide Ionic Liquids

Abstract: The leaching of semiconductors (GaN, GaAs and InAs) and LEDs in a nonvolatile tribromide ionic liquid and the selective recovery of gallium, indium and arsenic from this ionic liquid was investigated. In order to prevent the formation of the highly toxic arsine (AsH 3 ), usually formed when leaching metal arsenides with acids, the hydrophobic trihalide ionic liquid tributyldecylphosphonium tribromide [P 44410 ][Br 3 ] was used to oxidatively leach the semiconductors, avoiding arsine formation. After leaching,… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(33 citation statements)
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“… 94 98 The polyhalide ILs are most often used as reagents for halogenation of organic compounds, such as aromatics, alkenes, and alkynes, 99 101 but they can be used for oxidative dissolution of metals or alloys as well. 15 , 94 , 95 , 102 , 103 These polyhalide ILs can be used in pure form or as mixtures with halide ILs for dissolution of metals.…”
Section: Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“… 94 98 The polyhalide ILs are most often used as reagents for halogenation of organic compounds, such as aromatics, alkenes, and alkynes, 99 101 but they can be used for oxidative dissolution of metals or alloys as well. 15 , 94 , 95 , 102 , 103 These polyhalide ILs can be used in pure form or as mixtures with halide ILs for dissolution of metals.…”
Section: Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The same tribromide IL [P 44410 ][Br 3 ] could also efficiently leach gallium, indium, and arsenic from semiconductors (GaIn, GaAs) and light-emitting diodes that contained GaAs. 103 …”
Section: Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solventsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…19,25,26 Ga and In are produced as a by-product of alumina production from bauxite and primary zinc production. 27,28 Nearly 90% of Ga is produced from bauxite ($ 20 ppm-100 ppm), 15,29 while other sources include coal fly ash (100 ppm) 28,30 and sphalerite (10 ppm-1000 ppm). 4,31 Approximately 70-80% of Ga is extracted, while 20-30% remains in red mud (bauxite residue) during Bayer's processing.…”
Section: Primary Source Of Gamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Remarkable properties such as a wide liquidus range, intrinsic electrical conductivity, extremely low vapor pressure, and low flammability have made them a promising class of materials and interesting, environmentally friendly alternatives for volatile molecular solvents. 1 3 They have been applied as solvents in organic synthesis, 4 , 5 extractants for solvent extraction, 6 8 and solvents for the processing of (bio)polymers. 9 , 10 Because of the high variety of the possible cation–anion combinations, ILs can be tailor-made to each application and are, therefore, often referred to as “task-specific” liquids.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%