Recovery of inhibitory control prefrontal cortex function in inpatients with heroin use disorder: a 15-week longitudinal fMRI study

Ceceli, Ahmet O.; Huang, Yuefeng; Gaudreault, Pierre‐Olivier; McClain, Natalie; King, Sarah; Kronberg, Greg; Brackett, Amelia; Hoberman, Gabriela N; Gray, John H; Garland, Eric L.; Alia‐Klein, Nelly; Goldstein, Rita Z.

doi:10.1101/2023.03.28.23287864

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…Overall, the addictive process is accompanied by prefrontal cortex dysfunction [50]. While we have not studied a possible reversal of demyelination, studies in heroin users have indicated that abnormal cognitive control can be reversed [51,52], opening up a window of opportunity for the generation of new therapeutic treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chronic Voluntary Morphine Intake Is Associated with Changes in Brain Structures Involved in Drug Dependence in a Rat Model of Polydrug Use

Quintanilla,

Morales,

Santapau

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Chronic opioid intake leads to several brain changes involved in the development of dependence, whereby an early hedonistic effect (liking) extends to the need to self-administer the drug (wanting), the latter being mostly a prefrontal–striatal function. The development of animal models for voluntary oral opioid intake represents an important tool for identifying the cellular and molecular alterations induced by chronic opioid use. Studies mainly in humans have shown that polydrug use and drug dependence are shared across various substances. We hypothesize that an animal bred for its alcohol preference would develop opioid dependence and further that this would be associated with the overt cortical abnormalities clinically described for opioid addicts. We show that Wistar-derived outbred UChB rats selected for their high alcohol preference additionally develop: (i) a preference for oral ingestion of morphine over water, resulting in morphine intake of 15 mg/kg/day; (ii) marked opioid dependence, as evidenced by the generation of strong withdrawal signs upon naloxone administration; (iii) prefrontal cortex alterations known to be associated with the loss of control over drug intake, namely, demyelination, axonal degeneration, and a reduction in glutamate transporter GLT-1 levels; and (iv) glial striatal neuroinflammation and brain oxidative stress, as previously reported for chronic alcohol and chronic nicotine use. These findings underline the relevance of polydrug animal models and their potential in the study of the wide spectrum of brain alterations induced by chronic morphine intake. This study should be valuable for future evaluations of therapeutic approaches for this devastating condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chronic Voluntary Morphine Intake Is Associated with Changes in Brain Structures Involved in Drug Dependence in a Rat Model of Polydrug Use

Quintanilla,

Morales,

Santapau

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…T1-weighted anatomical scans were acquired using a 3D MPRAGE sequence (TR/TE/TI=2400/2.07/1000 ms) with 0.8 mm isotropic resolution, 256 × 256 × 179 mm 3 FOV, 8°flip angle with binomial (1, −1) fat saturation, 240 Hz/pixel bandwidth, 7.6 ms echo spacing, and an in-plane acceleration (GRAPPA) factor of 2. The scan session included other procedures unrelated to the movie reported elsewhere 11,23,[54][55][56][57] . Immediately before and after the movie, subjects were asked to rate their desire for heroin on a scale of 0-9.…”

Section: Mri Acquisition and Moviementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, while early evidence suggests the potential for structural and functional neural recovery with treatment across SUDs, there are still very few longitudinal studies assessing the effects of treatment-based abstinence in iHUD (see Parvaz et al for a recent review) 10 . Specifically, although we recently reported evidence of recovery of inhibitory control prefrontal cortical (PFC) functions in iHUD 11 , there are no longitudinal studies tracking cue reactivity in iHUD, and none that use engaging naturalistic stimuli for the study of this group's shared brain responses and their potential change with treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturalistic drug cue reactivity in heroin use disorder: orbitofrontal synchronization as a marker of craving and recovery

Kronberg,

Ceceli,

Huang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Movies captivate groups of individuals (the audience), especially if they contain themes of common motivational interest to the group. In drug addiction, a key mechanism is maladaptive motivational salience attribution whereby drug cues outcompete other reinforcers within the same environment or context. We predicted that while watching a drug-themed movie, where cues for drugs and other reinforcers share a continuous narrative context, fMRI responses in individuals with heroin use disorder (iHUD) will preferentially synchronize during drug scenes. Results revealed such drug-biased synchronization in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), ventromedial and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and insula. After 15 weeks of inpatient treatment, there was a significant reduction in this drug-biased shared response in the OFC, which correlated with a concomitant reduction in dynamically-measured craving, suggesting synchronized OFC responses to a drug-themed movie as a neural marker of craving and recovery in iHUD.

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Impact of Physical Exercise on the Executive Function and Mental Health of Heroin Addicts

Fang,

Zheng

2024

Exerc Sci

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PURPOSE: Physical exercise offers profound pleiotropic health benefits, particularly for brain function. However, the impact of such exercises on the executive functions of heroin addicts and their negative thinking/affect remains underexplored. We investigated whether physical exercise improves executive function and negative thinking/affect in male heroin addicts.METHODS: We used a pre- and post-test experimental research design involving one control group and two experimental groups. Ninety male heroin addicts with no exercise restrictions were recruited. The participants were randomly divided into three groups (resistance exercise group (n=30), aerobic exercise group (n=30), and no-exercise control group (n=30)). Executive function was measured using the Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention, 2-Back Working Memory, and Switch Cognitive Flexibility Tests. All experiments were conducted in a quiet room. The Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R) questionnaire was used to assess psychological status. All variables were measured and evaluated before and after the intervention.RESULTS: Participants exhibited a statistically significant decrease in response times following resistance exercise compared with preresistance exercise, as observed in both the flanker inhibitory control and attention tests, as well as the 2-back working memory test. Participants in the aerobic exercise group demonstrated significant reductions in reaction times on the 2-back working memory and switch cognitive flexibility tests, whereas performance accuracy significantly improved across all executive function tests. Additionally, the scores on the 10 subscales of the SCL-90-R showed a statistically significant decrease in the post-exercise period compared with the pre-exercise period.CONCLUSIONS: Physical exercise is a good non-pharmaceutical intervention for improving executive function and mental health in male heroin addicts.

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Recovery of inhibitory control prefrontal cortex function in inpatients with heroin use disorder: a 15-week longitudinal fMRI study

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Chronic Voluntary Morphine Intake Is Associated with Changes in Brain Structures Involved in Drug Dependence in a Rat Model of Polydrug Use

Chronic Voluntary Morphine Intake Is Associated with Changes in Brain Structures Involved in Drug Dependence in a Rat Model of Polydrug Use

Naturalistic drug cue reactivity in heroin use disorder: orbitofrontal synchronization as a marker of craving and recovery

Impact of Physical Exercise on the Executive Function and Mental Health of Heroin Addicts

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