Recovery of lithium from salt-lake brines using solvent extraction with TBP as extractant and FeCl3 as co-extraction agent

Zhou, Zhiyong; Fan, Jiahui; Liu, Xueting; Hu, Yafei; Wei, Xiaoyü; Hu, Yulei; Wang, Wei; Ren, Zhongqi

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.105244

Cited by 68 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Liquid–liquid extraction is a widely used separation technology in many fields of chemical industry, for example, removal of aromatic sulfurs and nitrogens from fuel oil, 1‐9 separation of phenols or cresols from coal tar oil or water, 10‐15 recovery of organic acids and metal ions from aqueous solution, 16‐20 and so forth. Between two solvent phases (α and β), the distribution of solute (A) equilibrium concentrations ( C A ) is crucial for liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) systems 21,22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple model for precisely describing liquid–liquid equilibrium and better understanding extraction mechanism

et al. 2020

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Describing distribution of solute equilibrium concentrations between two solvents is important for liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE). Due to non‐ideality of solutions, the distribution usually possesses non‐linear characteristic. In this work, the non‐ideality was simply represented by pseudo reaction (or chemical interaction) between the solute and the solvent without recourse to the complicated activity coefficient models. On this basis, a simple model, which combined physical partition and pseudo reaction equilibriums, was proposed and can precisely correlate various LLE systems, for example, the immiscible, the partially miscible, the organic, and even the electrolyte. More interestingly, the model can accurately reflect intrinsic mechanism by fitted parameters, that is, stoichiometric ratio of the pseudo reaction and total equilibrium constant for the interaction intensity. Besides, influence of the solute, the extractant, and temperature on the parameters was discussed deeply. This simple model is promising for precisely describing the LLE systems and better understanding their intrinsic extraction mechanism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple model for precisely describing liquid–liquid equilibrium and better understanding extraction mechanism

et al. 2020

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“…Typical hydrometallurgy processes employing solvent extraction include initial beneficiation (e.g., ammonia or acid leaching) followed by organic phase extraction [172,177,179]. It has been shown that solvent extraction techniques may be used to separate lithium quantitatively and selectively from aqueous solutions [17,53,63,[180][181][182][183]. Solvent extraction techniques investigated for lithium extraction from brines fall broadly into three potentially overlapping categories:…”

Section: Solvent Separationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…El-Eswed et al [205] investigated the organophosphorus ligands phenylphosphonic, phenylphosphinic and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid and observed that by adding ammonia to the aqueous phase, lithium extraction increased as high as 90% with bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid. Neutral extraction systems containing TBP, FeCl 3 , and kerosene have been extensively investigated for lithium extraction [63,179,183,206,207]. In this solvent extraction approach, kerosene is the diluent, TBP serves as a neutral organophosphorus extractant, and FeCl 3 is the co-extraction reagent [63,179,183].…”

Section: Extractants Cas Number Formula Structural Formulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology for the Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines

2021

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Lithium is the principal component of high-energy-density batteries and is a critical material necessary for the economy and security of the United States. Brines from geothermal power production have been identified as a potential domestic source of lithium; however, lithium-rich geothermal brines are characterized by complex chemistry, high salinity, and high temperatures, which pose unique challenges for economic lithium extraction. The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze direct lithium extraction technology in the context of developing sustainable lithium production from geothermal brines. In this paper, we are focused on the challenges of applying direct lithium extraction technology to geothermal brines; however, applications to other brines (such as coproduced brines from oil wells) are considered. The most technologically advanced approach for direct lithium extraction from geothermal brines is adsorption of lithium using inorganic sorbents. Other separation processes include extraction using solvents, sorption on organic resin and polymer materials, chemical precipitation, and membrane-dependent processes. The Salton Sea geothermal field in California has been identified as the most significant lithium brine resource in the US and past and present efforts to extract lithium and other minerals from Salton Sea brines were evaluated. Extraction of lithium with inorganic molecular sieve ion-exchange sorbents appears to offer the most immediate pathway for the development of economic lithium extraction and recovery from Salton Sea brines. Other promising technologies are still in early development, but may one day offer a second generation of methods for direct, selective lithium extraction. Initial studies have demonstrated that lithium extraction and recovery from geothermal brines are technically feasible, but challenges still remain in developing an economically and environmentally sustainable process at scale.

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“…There are numerous methods for the separation and extraction of these metals. [1] , [2] , [3] Recently, lithium has been separated from spent battery material using ultrasonic leaching with an efficiency >99%. [4] However, using a membrane is one of the most successful and environmentally friendly methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-assisted of alkali chloride separation using bulk ionic liquid membrane

Shekaari

Golmohammadi

2021

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Recovery of lithium from salt-lake brines using solvent extraction with TBP as extractant and FeCl3 as co-extraction agent

Cited by 68 publications

References 34 publications

A simple model for precisely describing liquid–liquid equilibrium and better understanding extraction mechanism

A simple model for precisely describing liquid–liquid equilibrium and better understanding extraction mechanism

Technology for the Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines

Ultrasound-assisted of alkali chloride separation using bulk ionic liquid membrane

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