Recovery of oxygenated ignitable liquids by zeolites, Part I: Novel extraction methodology in fire debris analysis

Pierre, Kathryne A. St.; Desiderio, Vincent J.; Hall, Adam B.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.02.017

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…With modifications to exposure time and temperatures, the more formal techniques will recover some of these analytes as described previously. However, Pierre et al proposed a sample preparation technique designed specifically for these analytes.…”

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pierre proposed the use of zeolites which allows for the capture of oxygenated and LMW compounds based on their molecular selectivity. Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates with unique molecular sized pores and cavities.…”

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates with unique molecular sized pores and cavities. The structure is tetrahedral in shape and consists of a silicon, aluminium, and oxygen framework . The pore size associated with a zeolite is dependent on the number of oxygen atoms within the framework.…”

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13X zeolite structure: Zeolites are crystalline, aluminosilicate, mineral structures with unique molecular sized pores and cavities. The primary structure of a zeolite is a tetrahedral framework of silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), and oxygen (O) atoms balanced by a cation . Reprinted from the literature , copyright (2014) with permission from Elsevier…”

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded from the study that for a comprehensive profile of the fire debris sample, both charcoal strips and zeolites should be used as a complementary tool. Both would allow the analyst to be able to identify low to high molecular weight hydrocarbons present in the sample . Although this is an advancement in sample preparation with respect to adsorbent efficiency, the method requires as much exposure to solvents as ACS.…”

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sample preparation for the analysis of fire debris – Past and present

Kerr

2018

J of Separation Science

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Identification of ignitable liquids from fire debris is such a major part of an arson investigation that much time and effort has gone into advancing sample preparation techniques to capture complicated and unexpected hydrocarbon compounds. Advancements in sample preparation have been made in order to account for biodegradation of commonly used accelerants, rarely encountered compounds, such as vegetable oils, biodiesel, and alcohols. Improvements have also been made to manage interference from the sample matrix, particularly with regards to new materials. This paper is a review of the sample preparation techniques that are foundational to fire debris analysis as well as recent advances. Also explored are modifications to the traditional sample preparation methods to accommodate the analysis of environmental samples (soil and water), and the presence of vegetable oils and biofuels on the fire scene.

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Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modified Sample Preparation Techniques For Fire Debris Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sample preparation for the analysis of fire debris – Past and present

Kerr

2018

J of Separation Science

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Rising Like a Phoenix from the Ashes: Fire‐Proof Magnetically Retrievable Supraparticles with an Optical Fingerprint for Postmortem Identification of Products

Miller

Wenderoth

Wintzheimer

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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correctly and rarely meet the required safety standards. [1,2] Frequently, counterfeit components cause a short circuit, overheat, and subsequently catch fire. Manufacturers are liable in such a scenario and face an enormous reputational loss unless they can prove forgery. This topic is highly relevant for forward-looking industries such as electromobility and automatization, since counterfeit battery cells, for example, can result in vehicle fires.Fire-proof postmortem labels could, for example, enable publicly appointed and sworn experts to verify the originality of a product even after a fire. To our knowledge, however, there are currently no suitable marking technologies available to prove beyond doubt the originality of an object after a fire.In forensic science, comprehensive analytical methods have been applied and further developed to characterize fire debris. Examples include gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry detector, [3][4][5] isotopic ratio mass spectrometry, [6,7] capillary electrophoresis, [8][9][10] or vibrational spectroscopic analysis methods, such as Raman or infrared spectroscopy. [11][12][13] All established methods for the characterization of fire residues have in common that they are complicated, as well as time-and cost-intensive, since also partly complex extraction steps of the analyte are necessary. Moreover, they are based exclusively on the analysis of the intrinsic material properties of burned objects, which, however, can change considerably and manifold depending on the fire condition. [14] Conventional anticounterfeiting features, such as miniaturized printed watermarks or quick response (QR) codes, as well as radio-frequency Identification (RFID) chips, show a sufficient performance during the useful life of a product but are unsuitable for postmortem identification as they are to a large extent not fire-proof. There have been attempts to coat RFID chips with anti-fire materials to increase their resistance when exposed to fire. However, tests were successful only up to 250 °C and the tags are limited in that their components decompose thermally above temperatures beyond ≈500 °C. [15] In addition, these tags are in the macroscopic size range and are not suitable for marking components of electronic devices (e.g., microchips).For these reasons, novel approaches are needed to verify the originality of burned electronic devices. Within the last Counterfeit electronic products not only cause financial losses but also come with safety risks. The worst-case failure scenario certainly is a fire event. Since manufacturers are liable for damages and suffer image loss, fire-proof postmortem taggants are needed, enabling differentiation between originals and counterfeits even after a fire incident. This work presents such taggants: optomagnetic supraparticles (SPs), i.e., complex microscale particles composed of luminescent and magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are generated. Their hybrid nature is pivotal, as magnetic separation can effectively remove the tags from light-absorb...

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