Recovery of phosphates from wastewater using converter slag: Kinetics analysis of a completely mixed phosphorus crystallization process

A mechanistic insight into enhanced and selective phosphate adsorption on a coated carboxylated surface

“…Desorption of phosphate is an important step in order to regenerate the adsorbent and recovery of phosphate [24,25]. Once used, adsorbent was treated with a series of 0.1 to 0.5 M NaOH solution for desorption of phosphate.…”

Hydroxyapatite crystallization from a highly concentrated phosphate solution using powdered converter slag as a seed material

“…Several studies have shown that relatively low concentrated phosphorus (<5 mg/L) in wastewater can be efficiently retrieved if converter slag is used as the seed material for the phosphorus crystallization process [7,12]. In terms of technical and cost factors, converter slag was found to be a better seed material than similar materials such as sand, phosphate rock, and bone charcoal [7].…”

“…In terms of technical and cost factors, converter slag was found to be a better seed material than similar materials such as sand, phosphate rock, and bone charcoal [7]. Kim et al [12] demonstrated that phosphorus crystallization process using converter slag as seed material achieved a stable and high phosphorus recovery in relatively low concen- Fig. 1.…”

Converter slag–coal cinder columns for the removal of phosphorous and other pollutants

“…The converter slag was rich in Fe-and Caoxides, representing 39.31% and 28.43%, respectively ( Table 1). The metal oxides contents of converter slag in the study of Kim et al [12] were Fe 2 O 3 25.9% and CaO 40.5%, respectively. It can be attributed to the different raw material and method of production.…”

“…Due to the main compositions of Fe-and Caoxides, they have been undergone the largest investigations for phosphorus removal [10][11][12][13][14]. Among the slag materials, converter slag had competitive advantages as the seed crystals for phosphorous crystallization, and it was also used as adsorbers for heavy metal removal in terms of its cost-effectiveness and high performance [12][13][14]. Many researches on using converter slag for the removal of phosphorous from wastewater have also been reported in China [15][16][17].…”