Recovery of Streptococcus Hemolyticus From Restaurant Tableware

Surface Sampling and the Detection of Contamination

“…Microbiological surface sampling cannot be described as new, with reports of its use going back to the 1920s and 1930s (Saelhof and Heinekamp, 1920;Krogg and Dougherty, 1936), although precise methodological details are lacking. However, most of this early work was based on swabbing, with direct agar contact methods only developed later, although the future is likely to see greater use of molecular methods.…”

Bacteriological and Cleaning Studies on the Mouthpieces of Musical Instruments

“…Multiple usage of these items decreased as the potential health hazards of such objects were better understood. In the past, improperly cleaned eating utensils have been shown to harbor pathogenic organisms (Cumming et al, 1920;Saelhof and Heinekamp, 1920;and Lyons, 1936), but satisfactory procedures have been developed for cleaning and sanitizing such utensils for either institutional or domestic use (Mallmann et al, 1947;Flett and Guiteras, 1952;and Walter, 1955). Few individuals would consider storing used silverware until the next meal without cleaning, but this is a common practice among musicians using mouthpieces of wind instruments.…”