Recovery Profile of Patients Suffered with Traumatic Brains Injuries (TBI): Analysis of Case Reports

Abstract

Aims: Identify the different recovery profiles of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
 Methodology: This study constituted a review of the literature based on the analysis of case reports published in past five years, about the profile of recovery of TBI victims on PubMed database. Manuscript in English and Portuguese language were considered. About of criteria of elegibility were priorized articles containing information about: Patient’s ages, genders, and complaints, TBI classification treatment, recovery, follow-up, and sequelae of the victims. Post-mortem studies and focused on surgical or drug treatment of the affected patient were exclused.
 Results: Based on the established criteria, 08 studies were selected that contained information about the recovery of patients affected by TBI and that contemplated the established selection criteria.
 Discussion: Among the results obtained, regarding the recovery profile of patients who are victims of traumatic brain injury, we list the recognition of the similarity of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in TBI, the emergence of various posterior dysfunctions, interdependence of severity, affected area and immediate intervention chosen. As well as, a variation of conducts was presented in each case, added to the significant evidence of the involvement of external factors among the prognosis on a case-by-case basis, such as: the lack of hospital structure, time until the beginning of the intervention and the presence of irreversible sequelae that they can be from a single or multiple body systems depending on the case.
 Conclusion: The recovery profile of TBI patients can vary depending on the severity and extent of brain damage. These patients usually undergo a multidisciplinary rehabilitation process aimed at promoting functional recovery and improving quality of life. In the early stages of recovery, it is common for patients to have physical, cognitive, and emotional impairments. In addition, neuropsychological rehabilitation is essential to treat cognitive deficits, such as memory, attention, concentration and reasoning problems.