Recreating a possible Flavian map of Roman Britain, with a detailed map for Scotland

Strang, Alastair

doi:10.9750/psas.128.425.440

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…The reasons for economic expansion in this region cannot have been fuelled by the Roman presence but were a native development, although it remains unclear what the motivations were. Given the imprecision of radiocarbon assays it is not possible to detect differences in the timing of this major change inside and outside the Wall (although this division is meaningless as events were almost entirely pre-Agricolan) or south and north of the Forth-Clyde isthmus and between tribes who may have recognized this natural boundary (Maxwell 1989;Strang 1998). There is, however, the potentially significant pattern from Cranley, Greenhead, Walls Hill and Bloak Mosses on the Southern Plateaux (illus 4) that this economic vibrancy had also been lost by the end of the Iron Age, and that this part of the region was in economic decline when Roman forces first saw it.…”

Section: Land Uses and Land Use Change: Synthesis And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The landscape context of the Antonine Wall: a review of the literature

Tipping¹,

Tisdall²

2006

PSAS

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The landscape, environmental and land use changes before, during and after Antonine occupation are examined for the region of central Scotland between the Southern Uplands and the Grampian Highlands, principally from the published literature. The purpose is to synthesize and make available a range of new palaeoenvironmental data, to evaluate critically these new data-sets, to search for significant shifts in landscape or land use and to characterize their timings and effects, thus placing the Antonine occupation in a coherent landscape context. It is established that economic expansion in the region occurred in the later Iron Age, demonstrably before Roman military occupation. This expansion developed from Bronze Age and earlier Iron Age small-scale farms and gathered pace in the last cal 200–300 years BC, for crop growing as well as pasture, and was continued rather than intensified in the first two centuries cal AD. It is difficult to see differences in this economic expansion north and south of the Antonine Wall itself, or east and west of the Forth–Clyde isthmus, but it is tentatively suggested that in the foothills of the Southern Uplands the Romans entered a landscape already decaying. Roman influence is perhaps recognizable at some localities in a reduction of cereal production and the expansion of grazed pasture, assumed to represent a restructuring of the native economy to support a new market. It is presumed that imports of foodstuffs continued to be important to Roman forces during Antonine occupation, although possible reconstructions of the sediments in the Forth and Clyde estuaries suggest these may not have provided ideal harbours. There is little evidence that this increased pastoral economy imposed stresses on soils or plant communities, and the market seems to have been readily supplied within the agricultural capacity of the landscape. Nevertheless, the native economy was probably artificially buoyed by the Roman presence, and withdrawal eventually led to what is best described as an agricutural recession, not population collapse.

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Section: Land Uses and Land Use Change: Synthesis And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The landscape context of the Antonine Wall: a review of the literature

Tipping¹,

Tisdall²

2006

PSAS

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Die Römische Armee auf dem <i>Oceanus</i>

Wintjes¹

2020

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Rectification of position data of Scotland in Ptolemy’s Geographike Hyphegesis

Marx¹

2013

Survey Review

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The ancient geographic coordinates given for places of Great Britain in Ptolemy's Geographike Hyphegesis are investigated by means of geodetic methods. The turning of Scotland to the east is modelled by a three-dimensional rotation. On the basis of different data sets of control points, the parameters of the rotation are estimated by means of methods of adjustment theory. Furthermore, a geodetic-statistical analysis method is applied to Scotland, by which groups of places of homogenous distortions and modern counterparts of the ancient places are determined. Based on the results of the investigations, answers are given for questions concerning Ptolemaic positions unsolved so far.

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Recreating a possible Flavian map of Roman Britain, with a detailed map for Scotland

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

The landscape context of the Antonine Wall: a review of the literature

The landscape context of the Antonine Wall: a review of the literature

Die Römische Armee auf dem <i>Oceanus</i>

Rectification of position data of Scotland in Ptolemy’s Geographike Hyphegesis

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