Recruitment of European beech, Norway spruce and silver fir in uneven-aged forests: optimal and critical stand, site and climatic conditions

Trifković, Vasilije; Bončina, Andrej; Ficko, Andrej

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120679

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…While growth and harvesting dynamics have a long tradition in forest science (Pretzsch 2009, Weiskittel et al 2011, Rohner et al 2018), and mortality has recently gained increased attention (Nothdurft 2013, Senf et al 2020, Frei et al 2022), the emphasis on regeneration has been comparatively limited. Regeneration studies often focused on specific tree species or regions (Klopcic et al 2012, Axer et al 2021, Trifković et al 2023). This situation has led to a research gap in the comprehensive assessment of the tree species composition in the regeneration across diverse environmental contexts, hindering projections into the future and to broader areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil and climate‐dependent ingrowth inference: broadleaves on their slow way to conquer Swiss forests

Flury,

Portier,

Rohner

et al. 2024

Ecography

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Forests provide essential ecosystem services that range from the production of timber to the mitigation of natural hazards. Rapid environmental changes, such as climate warming or the intensification of disturbance regimes, threaten forests and endanger forest ecosystem services. In light of these challenges, it is essential to understand forests' demographic processes of regeneration, growth, and mortality and their relationship with environmental conditions. Specifically, understanding the regeneration process in present‐day forests is crucial since it lays the foundation for the structure of future forests and their tree species composition. We used Swiss National Forest Inventory (NFI) data covering vast bio‐geographic gradients over four decades to achieve this understanding. Trees that reached a diameter at breast height of 12 cm between two consecutive NFI campaigns were used to determine regeneration and were referred to as ingrowth. Employing three independent statistical models, we investigated the number, species, and diameter of these ingrowth trees. The models were subsequently implemented into a forest simulator to project the development of Swiss forests until the mid‐21st century. The simulation results showed an ingrowth decrease and a shift in its species composition, marked by a significant reduction in Norway spruce Picea abies and concurrent increases in broadleaves. Nevertheless, the pace of this change towards climatically better adapted species composition is relatively slow and is likely to slow down even further as ingrowth declines in the future, in contrast to the fast‐changing climatic conditions. Hence, support through adaptive planting strategies should be tested in case ingrowth does not ensure the resilience of forests in the future. We conclude that since the regeneration of forests is becoming increasingly challenging, the current level at which ecosystem services are provided might not be ensured in the coming decades.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil and climate‐dependent ingrowth inference: broadleaves on their slow way to conquer Swiss forests

Flury,

Portier,

Rohner

et al. 2024

Ecography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While modeling growth and harvesting dynamics has a long tradition in forest science (Pretzsch, 2009;Weiskittel et al, 2011;Rohner et al, 2018), and mortality has recently gained increased attention (Nothdurft, 2013;Senf et al, 2020;Frei et al, 2022), the emphasis on regeneration has been comparatively limited. Regeneration studies often focused on specific tree species or regions (Klopcic et al, 2012;Axer et al, 2021;Trifković et al, 2023). This situation has led to a research gap in the comprehensive assessment of the tree species composition in the regeneration across diverse environmental contexts, hindering projections into the future and to broader areas.While Li et al (2011), Zell et al (2019), and Mathys et al (2021) attempted such a holistic perspective on temperate forest regeneration, their scope was mainly confined to explaining past and current patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil and climate-dependent ingrowth inference: broadleaves on their slow way to conquer Swiss forests

Flury,

Portier,

Rohner

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Forests provide essential ecosystem services that range from the production of timber to the mitigation of natural hazards. Rapid environmental changes, such as climate warming or the intensification of disturbance regimes, threaten forests and endanger forest ecosystem services. In light of these challenges, it is essential to understand forests’ demographic processes of regeneration, growth, and mortality and their relationship with environmental conditions. Specifically, understanding the regeneration process in present-day forests is crucial since it lays the foundation for the structure of future forests and their tree species composition. We used Swiss National Forest Inventory (NFI) data covering vast bio-geographic gradients over four decades to achieve this understanding. Trees that reached a diameter at breast height of 12 cm between two consecutive NFI campaigns were used to determine regeneration and were referred to as ingrowth. Employing three independent statistical models, we investigated the number, species, and diameter of these ingrowth trees. The models were subsequently implemented into a forest simulator to project the development of Swiss forests until the mid-21 century. The simulation results showed a decrease and a shift in the species composition of ingrowth, marked by a significant decrease in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and concurrent increases in broadleaves. Nevertheless, the pace of this change towards a more natural species composition is relatively slow and is likely to slow down even further as ingrowth declines in the future, in contrast to the fast-changing climatic conditions. Hence, support through adaptive planting strategies should be tested in case ingrowth does not ensure the resilience of forests in the future. We conclude that since the regeneration of forests is becoming increasingly challenging, the current level at which ecosystem services are provided might not be ensured in the coming decades.

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Density-dependent mortality models for mono- and multi-species uneven-aged stands: The role of species mixture

Trifković¹,

Bončina²,

Ficko³

2023

Forest Ecology and Management

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Recruitment of European beech, Norway spruce and silver fir in uneven-aged forests: optimal and critical stand, site and climatic conditions

Cited by 6 publications

References 93 publications

Soil and climate‐dependent ingrowth inference: broadleaves on their slow way to conquer Swiss forests

Soil and climate‐dependent ingrowth inference: broadleaves on their slow way to conquer Swiss forests

Soil and climate-dependent ingrowth inference: broadleaves on their slow way to conquer Swiss forests

Density-dependent mortality models for mono- and multi-species uneven-aged stands: The role of species mixture

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