Recrystallization kinetics, mechanisms, and topology in alloys processed by laser powder-bed fusion: AISI 316L stainless steel as example

Aota, Leonardo Shoji; Bajaj, Priyanshu; Zilnyk, Kahl Dick; Jägle, Eric Aimé; Ponge, Dirk; Sandim, Hugo Ricardo Zschommler; Raabe, Dierk

doi:10.1016/j.mtla.2021.101236

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…For longer annealing times, the hardness levels out indicating that recrystallization is completed at less than 4 h at this temperature. Compared to our preceding work [45], where the recrystallization kinetics did not follow the JMAK behavior, the present study exhibits faster recrystallization kinetics (incomplete recrystallization after annealing at 1150 °C for 8 h in our previous study). The likely reason for such differences is the higher number density of recrystallized grains in the present study.…”

Section: Annealing Behavior Of As-built Samplescontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…Compared to 304L grade, 316L stainless steel is less prone to undergo static recovery due to the high thermal stability resulting from Mo segregation at cell walls [21] and low-to-medium stacking fault energy of 33 mJ/m 2 [77]. Therefore, the low Avrami exponent of n = 1.16, herein observed, can be explained by the preferential nucleation and growth along the build tracks, restraining their growth along the transverse/building direction, as the build tracks exhibit higher dislocation density and higher local misorientation [45]. As a result, elongated recrystallized grains are observed in Fig.…”

Section: Annealing Behavior Of As-built Samplesmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…3b, where fine grains are observed at the center of the laser tracks, while coarser square-shaped grains are observed between the laser tracks. The resulting chessboard pattern is created from the superposition of two perpendicular linear patterns (90°rotation), where epitaxial growth ensures the partial growth of grains from the previous layer onto the next one [45]. Figure 5b shows that high angle boundaries (black lines) and low angle boundaries (red lines) are not evenly distributed in the microstructure.…”

Section: As-built Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While texture evolution is fairly well understood during LPBF processing [39][40][41], only a few works have addressed the mesoscale texture evolution [26,[42][43][44] and the texture evolution [29,42,45] in LPBF-processed materials upon annealing. Therefore, key aspects such as those determining the underlying nucleation mechanisms, the competition between driving and dragging pressures, and recrystallization kinetics have been rarely reported.…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most works cited above refer to the AISI 316L stainless steel, while the remaining ones refer to Ni-based superalloys. Only two works focus on the recrystallization mechanisms in AISI 316L and IN718 alloys in detail [45,46], where their sluggish kinetics have been assigned to the interaction of high angle boundaries with oxide/silicate nanoparticles. Therefore, further investigations are required to understand whether the microstructure evolution and the recrystallization mechanisms are similar between samples from different alloys or obtained under different LPBF processing conditions.…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recrystallization in non-conventional microstructures of 316L stainless steel produced via laser powder-bed fusion: effect of particle coarsening kinetics

et al. 2022

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Alloys processed by laser powder-bed fusion show distinct microstructures composed of dislocation cells, dispersed nanoparticles, and columnar grains. Upon post-build annealing, such alloys show sluggish recrystallization kinetics compared to the conventionally processed counterpart. To understand this behavior, AISI 316L stainless steel samples were constructed using the island scan strategy. Rhodonite-like (MnSiO3) nanoparticles and dislocation cells are found within weakly-textured grains in the as-built condition. Upon isothermal annealing at 1150 °C (up to 2880 min), the nucleation of recrystallization occurs along the center of the melt pool, where nuclei sites, high stored elastic energy, and local large misorientation are found in the as-built condition. The low value of the Avrami coefficient (n = 1.16) can be explained based on the non-random distribution of nucleation sites. The local interaction of the recrystallization front with nanoparticles speeds up their coarsening causing the decrease of the Zener-Smith pinning force. This allows the progression of recrystallization in LPBF alloys, although sluggish. These results allow us to understand the progress of recrystallization in LPBF 316L stainless steel, shedding light on the nucleation mechanisms and on the competition between driving and dragging pressures in non-conventional microstructures. They also help to understand the most relevant microstructural aspects applicable for tuning microstructures and designing new LPBF alloys. Graphical abstract

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Section: Annealing Behavior Of As-built Samplescontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Annealing Behavior Of As-built Samplesmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: As-built Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recrystallization in non-conventional microstructures of 316L stainless steel produced via laser powder-bed fusion: effect of particle coarsening kinetics

et al. 2022

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Controlled Crystallographic Texture Orientation in Structural Materials Using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process—A Review

Cobbinah,

Matsunaga,

Yamabe-Mitarai

2023

Adv Eng Mater

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Advantages of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process over conventional processing methods include microstructural control capability and complex geometry parts fabrication. For most alloys, the microstructure‐property relationship typically guides the LPBF process toward achieving application‐specific properties. Nonetheless, the LPBF process produces a high degree of anisotropy, primarily from the epitaxial preferred grain growth mechanisms during solidification and the consequent highly textured microstructures produced. The crystallographic texture‐controlled build concept through the LPBF process is a material design and processing approach gaining a lot of interest because of the promising unique and superior properties offered by the anisotropy accompanying the LPBF process. The numerous attempts at intentional texture‐controlled building or parts fabrication from structural materials using the LPBF process warrant an up‐to‐date review. Thus, this review presents solidification mechanisms that influence texture evolution during the LPBF process such as the melting mode, melt pool shape, influence of thermal gradient, and solidification rate. Furthermore, this review delves into the influence of LPBF process parameters on texture, accompanying microstructural evolution, and the intentional control of texture effects on properties such as mechanical, corrosion, and oxidation resistance.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Grain Boundaries Control Lithiation of Solid Solution Substrates in Lithium Metal Batteries

Aota,

Jung,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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The development of sustainable transportation and communication systems requires an increase in both energy density and capacity retention of Li‐batteries. Using substrates forming a solid solution with body‐centered cubic Li enhances the cycle stability of anode‐less batteries. However, it remains unclear how the substrate microstructure affects the lithiation behavior. Here, a correlative, near‐atomic scale probing approach is deployed through combined ion‐ and electron‐microscopy to examine the distribution of Li in Li‐Ag diffusion couples as model system mimicking high current densities. It is revealed that Li regions with over 93.8% at.% nucleate within Ag at random high‐angle grain boundaries, whereas grain interiors are not lithiated. The role of kinetics and mechanical constraint from the microstructure over equilibrium thermodynamics in dictating the lithiation process is evidenced. The findings suggest that grain size and grain boundary character are critical to enhance the electrochemical performance of interlayers/electrodes, particularly for improving lithiation kinetics and hence reducing dendrite formation.

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Recrystallization kinetics, mechanisms, and topology in alloys processed by laser powder-bed fusion: AISI 316L stainless steel as example

Cited by 30 publications

References 67 publications

Recrystallization in non-conventional microstructures of 316L stainless steel produced via laser powder-bed fusion: effect of particle coarsening kinetics

Recrystallization in non-conventional microstructures of 316L stainless steel produced via laser powder-bed fusion: effect of particle coarsening kinetics

Controlled Crystallographic Texture Orientation in Structural Materials Using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process—A Review

Grain Boundaries Control Lithiation of Solid Solution Substrates in Lithium Metal Batteries

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