For C 1 diffeomorphisms of three dimensional closed manifolds, we provide a geometric model of mixing Lyapunov exponents inside a homoclinic class of a periodic saddle p with non-real eigenvalues. Suppose p has stable index two and the sum of the largest two Lyapunov exponents is greater than log(1 − δ), then δ-weak contracting eigenvalues are obtained by an arbitrarily small C 1 perturbation. Using this result, we give a sufficient condition for stabilizing a homoclinic tangency within a given C 1 perturbation range.