Recurrent acetonemic syndrome with cyclic vomiting in children

Abstract

Recurrent acetonemic syndrome (AS) refers to pathological conditions predominantly in childhood with periodic ketotic crises with repeated (multiple) vomiting, which are caused by an increase in blood ketone bodies over 30 mg/l as a result of incomplete oxidation of fatty acids. and/or breakdown of ketogenic amino acids, as well as other metabolic disorders. The need to discuss the problem is due to the significant frequency of cases, including those requiring hospitalization of patients, the polyetiology of this condition, the complex and largely ambiguous mechanisms of development, the difficulties of differential diagnosis and the uncertainty of the prognosis. The article presents modern literature data on recurrent acetonemic syndrome with cyclic vomiting, drawing attention to the terminological aspects of the problem, discussing the most significant etiological factors and pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of crisis conditions, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The article relates to discussion publications and is intended for pediatricians, general practitioners, pediatric endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, and emergency care specialists.