Recurrent cervical cancer after trachelectomy diagnosed by hysteroscopy: A case report

Primary Malignant Melanoma of The Endocervix Uteri and Outpatient Hysteroscopy as a Diagnostic Tool: Case Report and Literature Overview

“…This is probably due to the presence of an endocervical lesion, without the involvement of the external part of the cervix. However, this raises the question of whether hysteroscopy, now the gold standard for the diagnosis of endometrial pathologies, could be proven to be a useful and innovative tool in this field as already demonstrated for other types of cancer affecting the cervix [ 18 , 19 ]. In 75 of the 138 cases under review, the FIGO system was used for staging with the following result: 37.3% stage I, 36% stage II, 18.7% stage III and 8% stage IV.…”

“…The presence of these cells was previously confirmed by Osamura et al [ 23 ]. Since primary malignant melanoma of the cervix is very rare, cervical metastases from other more common sites such as the skin, uveal tract, esophagus and anorectal region should be excluded before making the diagnosis [ 19 ]. Morris and Taylor established four criteria for the diagnosis of primary cervical melanoma: (1) absence of melanoma elsewhere in the body; (2) presence of junctional change in the cervix; (3) presence of melanin pigment in the normal cervical epithelium and (4) metastasis according to the pattern of cervical carcinoma [ 24 ].…”

“…Primary MM of the cervix is associated with a poor prognosis, especially if not diagnosed at an early stage. Based on a 2012 study, the 5-year survival rates for stage I, II, III-IV are 18.8%, 11.1% and 0%, respectively [ 2 , 19 ]. According to a 2014 study, the 5-year overall survival is about 10%, and 87.5% of patients died within 3 years of diagnosis [ 11 ].…”