Recurrent transient ischemic attacks in a moyamoya syndrome patient with ultra-long imaging follow-up

Zhang, Lan; Xing, Wei; Zhang, Jiajia

doi:10.21037/qims-21-631

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…The reduction in blood flow from anemia, along with fewer deformed blood cells, may also lead to progressive endothelial proliferation and subsequent vascular occlusion ( 5 ). Symptom progression has been reported in most patients with MMS within 5 years and may lead to transient ischemic attack (TIA), ischemic stroke or cerebral hemorrhage ( 6 ). Without appropriate treatment, the prognosis of patients with MMS is poor ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moyamoya syndrome with ruptured aneurysm in α‑thalassemia: A case report

et al. 2022

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Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) refers to the moyamoya vascular disease associated with various systemic diseases and conditions, including sickle cell anemia, Fanconi anemia and iron deficiency anemia. However, the association between MMS and other hemoglobinopathies is less frequently observed. MMS, like moyamoya disease, is a cerebrovascular condition that is characterized by chronic progressive stenosis or occlusion at the ends of the bilateral internal carotid arteries, anterior cerebral arteries and the beginning of the middle cerebral arteries, and is secondary to the formation of an abnormal vascular network at the base of the skull. Patients with MMS are prone to thrombosis, aneurysm and bleeding. The present study reports the case of a 43-year-old man with α-thalassemia who presented with moyamoya vessels with a ruptured aneurysm bleeding into the ventricle. α-thalassemia is considered as an extremely rare but potential cause of MMS. Since MMS is a progressive disease, early diagnosis and treatment is vital to prevent the disease from worsening.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moyamoya syndrome with ruptured aneurysm in α‑thalassemia: A case report

et al. 2022

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Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Pediatric Patients: A Tertiary Hospital Experience

Camacho-Sampaio,

Costa,

Lima

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Introduction: Childhood arterial ischemic stroke is a rare condition. Its true incidence is unknown as it is likely underdiagnosed. Outcomes are generally favorable but it is still a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in children. We aimed to characterize patients with childhood arterial ischemic stroke regarding risk factors, etiology, treatment, and outcome. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study that analyzed demographic and clinical data of patients aged 28 days to 18 years of age diagnosed with arterial ischemic stroke and admitted to the neuropediatric department at a tertiary hospital in Coimbra, Portugal, between 2015 and 2022. Results: A total of 19 patients were included, with a median age of 12.13 years; 10 (53%) were male children and 13 (63%) had a pre-existing medical condition. Eleven patients (58%) presented with sudden focal deficit and eight (42%) with only unspecific/non-localizing symptoms (headache, altered mental status, and seizure). The middle cerebral artery was the most affected (n=13, 68%) and regarding etiology, seven (37%) were cardioembolic and another seven (37%) were unilateral focal cerebral arteriopathy. Conservative measures were used for the treatment of 11 (90%) patients and two underwent mechanical thrombectomy successfully. Regarding sequelae, four patients (21%) had moderate to severe disability. The main sequelae was chronic motor deficit (n=8, 42%), followed by cortical deficit (n=4, 21%). Two patients developed vascular epilepsy. Conclusions: While most patients presented with a sudden focal deficit, the occurrence of non-localizing symptoms was high. Conservative treatment was the most used, but there were good results in patients submitted to invasive treatment. Our results corroborate the high morbidity associated with childhood arterial ischemic stroke and the need for a high clinical suspicion to identify these cases and treat them promptly.

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Recurrent transient ischemic attacks in a moyamoya syndrome patient with ultra-long imaging follow-up

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Moyamoya syndrome with ruptured aneurysm in α‑thalassemia: A case report

Moyamoya syndrome with ruptured aneurysm in α‑thalassemia: A case report

Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Pediatric Patients: A Tertiary Hospital Experience

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