Recycling and characterization of carbon fibers from carbon fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites by a novel super-heated-steam method

Kim, Kwan-Woo; Lee, Hyemin; An, Jeong-Hun; Chung, Dong-Chul; An, Ki‐Seok; Kim, Byung-Joo

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.015

Cited by 115 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The sample weight was consistently recorded at temperatures ranging from 25 to 1000 • C, and the obtained thermograms are shown in Figure 9. According to these results, the typical high stability and near-zero weight loss of carbon fibers until 640 • C were observed before and after the surface treatment [44]. As reported elsewhere [23], the rise of the temperature above 640 • C shows a slower degrading rate for BN-CFs, as the BN microlayer acted as a protective buffer and was oxidized before the fiber surface.…”

Section: Thermal and Electrical Properties Of Bn-cfssupporting

confidence: 78%

Preparation of Boron Nitride-Coated Carbon Fibers and Synergistic Improvement of Thermal Conductivity in Their Polypropylene-Matrix Composites

et al. 2019

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The purpose of this study is to prepare boron nitride (BN)-coated carbon fibers (CF) and to investigate the properties of as-prepared fibers as well as the effect of coating on their respective polymer–matrix composites. A sequence of solution dipping and heat treatment was performed to blanket the CFs with a BN microlayer. The CFs were first dipped in a boric acid solution and then annealed in an ammonia–nitrogen mixed gas atmosphere for nitriding. The presence of BN on the CF surface was confirmed using FTIR, XPS, and SEM analyses. Polypropylene was reinforced with BN–CFs as the first filler and graphite flake as the secondary filler. The composite characterization indicates approximately 60% improvement in through-plane thermal conductivity and about 700% increase in the electrical resistivity of samples containing BN-CFs at 20 phr. An increase of two orders of magnitude in the electrical resistivity of BN–CF monofilaments was also observed.

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Section: Thermal and Electrical Properties Of Bn-cfssupporting

confidence: 78%

Preparation of Boron Nitride-Coated Carbon Fibers and Synergistic Improvement of Thermal Conductivity in Their Polypropylene-Matrix Composites

et al. 2019

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“…S.R. Naqvi et al Resources, Conservation & Recycling 136 (2018) 118-129 hand, CFRC showed decomposition range of 450-600°C depending on the cured & uncured samples (Giorgini et al, 2015) and (Kim et al, 2017) for pyrolysis process. For post-pyrolysis in presence of air, 500-600°C was identified as the appropriate temperature range for oxidation of pyrolytic char and clean the fibre surface (López et al, 2013) and (Kim et al, 2017).…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 95%

A critical review on recycling of end-of-life carbon fibre/glass fibre reinforced composites waste using pyrolysis towards a circular economy

Naqvi

Prabhakara

Bramer

et al. 2018

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

335

153

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The rapid utilization of carbon fibre reinforced composite (CFRC) and glass fibre reinforced composite (GFRC) in main sectors, such as automobile, aerospace, wind turbines, boats and sport parts, has gained much attention because of its high strength, light weight and impressive mechanical properties. Currently, the increasing amount and handling of composite waste at their end-of-life (EoL) has a negative impact on resources conservation and the environment. Pyrolysis, a two-step process, appeared as most viable process to recover not only valuable materials but also produce fuel and chemicals. However, the testing facilities and optimized operation of composite waste in pyrolysis processes to produce materials with low energy consumption and acceptable mechanical properties are still under development and discussion before commercialization. The aim of this article is to review the studies on CFRC/GFRC recycling via pyrolysis processes and highlight their technical challenges and re-use possibilities in high performance composites. The forthcoming commercialization challenges and respective market potential to recyclates using the pyrolysis process will be addressed. This study will also introduce the strong connection between recycling and re-usability of fibres which would help to explain the concept of circular economy and cradle-to-cradle approach. Finally, based on updated studies and critical analysis, research gaps in the recycling treatments of fibrous composite waste using pyrolysis processes are discussed with recommendations.

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“…The use of superheated steam atmosphere in pyrolysis increases heat transfer, which results in heightening the thermal degradation and supporting an oxygen-free atmosphere inside the pyrolytic reactor [66]. Recycling CFRP using superheated steam results in a high retaining of the CF mechanical properties when compared to any other pyrolysis atmospheres [67,68]. Also, a significant amount of the char formation on the resulting CF and GF can be reduced using chemical treatments [58].…”

Section: Superheated Steam Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study stated that a degradation increase in the polymer matrix resulted in a decrease of the fibres' tensile strength. However, Kim et al [68] retained 90.42% of tensile strength compared to the vCF by using a fixed bed reactor at 550 °C for 60 min. The study mentioned that increasing the steam pyrolysis conditions resulted in improving the removal of char deposited on the fibre surface.…”

Section: Superheated Steam Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the recycling of waste carbon fibre/glass fibre-reinforced composites: fibre recovery, properties and life-cycle analysis

2020

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The growing use of carbon and glass fibres has increased awareness about their waste disposal methods. Tonnes of composite waste containing valuable carbon fibres and glass fibres have been cumulating every year from various applications. These composite wastes must be cost-effectively recycled without causing negative environmental impact. This review article presents an overview of the existing methods to recycle the cumulating composite wastes containing carbon fibre and glass fibre, with emphasis on fibre recovery and understanding their retained properties. Carbon and glass fibres are assessed via focused topics, each related to a specific treatment method: mechanical recycling; thermal recycling, including fluidised bed and pyrolysis; chemical recycling and solvolysis using critical conditions. Additionally, a brief analysis of their environmental and economic aspects are discussed, prioritising the methods based on sustainable values. Finally, research gaps are identified to highlight the factors of circular economy and its significant role in closing the life-cycle loop of these valuable fibres into re-manufactured composites.

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Recycling and characterization of carbon fibers from carbon fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites by a novel super-heated-steam method

Cited by 115 publications

References 26 publications

Preparation of Boron Nitride-Coated Carbon Fibers and Synergistic Improvement of Thermal Conductivity in Their Polypropylene-Matrix Composites

Preparation of Boron Nitride-Coated Carbon Fibers and Synergistic Improvement of Thermal Conductivity in Their Polypropylene-Matrix Composites

A critical review on recycling of end-of-life carbon fibre/glass fibre reinforced composites waste using pyrolysis towards a circular economy

A review on the recycling of waste carbon fibre/glass fibre-reinforced composites: fibre recovery, properties and life-cycle analysis

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