Recycling and valorization of glass fibre thermoset composite waste by cold incorporation into a sustainable inorganic polymer matrix

Zhang, Yixue; Pontikes, Yiannis; Lessard, Larry; Vuure, Aart Willem Van

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109120

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This implies that the recovered fibrous fractions can replace the production of virgin GF used in BMC products. Other potential routes to market include as lower value reinforcement in sheet moulding compound [41], 3D printing compound [42], injection moulding compound, infused panels [43], compression moulded panels [44], or even inorganic polymers [45]. Economically viable routes to market for mechanical recyclate must therefore be established, with product requirements used to optimise upstream mechanical recycling processes.…”

Section: Scenario 3: Impact Of Future Grid MIX With Mixed Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifecycle Assessment of Strategies for Decarbonising Wind Blade Recycling toward Net Zero 2050

Pender,

Romoli,

Fuller

2024

Energies

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The wind energy sector faces a persistent challenge in developing sustainable solutions for decommissioned Wind Turbine Blades (WTB). This study utilises Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the gate-to-gate carbon footprint of high-profile disposal and recycling methods, aiming to determine optimal strategies for WTB waste treatment in the UK. While this article analyses the UK as a case study, the findings are applicable to, and intended to inform, recycling strategies for WTB waste globally. Long-term sustainability depends heavily on factors like evolving energy grids and changing WTB waste compositions and these must be considered for robust analysis and development strategy recommendations. In the short to medium term, mechanical recycling of mixed WTB waste is sufficient to minimise Global Warming Potential (GWP) due to the scarcity of carbon fibre in WTB waste streams. Beyond 2040, carbon fibre recycling becomes crucial to reduce GWP. The study emphasises the importance of matching WTB sub-structure material compositions with preferred waste treatment options for the lowest overall impact. Future development should focus on the extraction of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) structures in WTB waste streams, commercialising large-scale CFRP structure recycling technologies, establishing supply chains, and validating market routes for secondary carbon fibre products. In parallel, scaling up low-impact options, like mechanical recycling, is vital to minimise WTB waste landfilling. Developing viable applications and cost-effective market routes for mechanical recyclates is necessary to displace virgin glass fibres, while optimising upstream recycling processes based on product requirements.

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Section: Scenario 3: Impact Of Future Grid MIX With Mixed Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifecycle Assessment of Strategies for Decarbonising Wind Blade Recycling toward Net Zero 2050

Pender,

Romoli,

Fuller

2024

Energies

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“…During establishing glass fiber, a unique method is developed to cover the fiber's surface in a surface sizing agent. (Zhang, Y.;Pontikes, Y.;Lessard, L.;van Vuure, 2021). Natural fibers natural surroundings, The development of such materials that can take the role of synthetic materials has attracted a lot of interest from researchers.…”

Section: Fiber Glassismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review _soil Improvement Using the Multi Type of Polypropylene Material

M. ABDULRAHMAN,

S.A. AL-GHARBAWI,

S. ABDULRASOOL

2023

MINAR Journal

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The increasing recognition among individuals of the detrimental impact of humanmade substances on the natural world has resulted in the development of more ecologically sound substitutes for ensuring the durability of diverse polymers. Researchers have demonstrated a notable propensity towards a methodology for producing substances that possess the ability to serve as an alternative to artificial compounds. In recent years, there has been a notable surge in demand for composite materials comprising both natural and synthetic fibers for commercial purposes, which has had a significant impact on multiple industrial sectors. Natural fibers are a category of substances that are environmentally degradable and abundantly present in their native ecosystems. The aforementioned materials exhibit characteristics such as economical viability, low mass density, inherent ability to regenerate, biodegradability, and distinctive attributes. The primary aim was to evaluate cost-effective methods for soil stabilization. The study investigates a range of materials that have the potential to enhance soil characteristics, such as polypropylene, fiber glass, and fiber plastic. The text examines the potential of said materials to augment shear strength and ameliorate soil quality through the reduction of plasticity, permeability, and compressibility, as well as the enhancement of soil strength

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“…This last result was explained by considering a better inter-facial interaction between the PLA matrix and recycled glass fibers partially covered with epoxy particles [ 36 ]. Additionally, the recycled glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) was used in a double-recycling route: the incorporation into a Fe-rich silicate slag, a byproduct of non-ferrous metallurgy production, allowed for a greater level of GFRP waste incorporation (20 wt%) in the in-organic matrix and flexural strength enhancement (79%) when compared with fiber-reinforced cementitious materials [ 37 ].…”

Section: Mechanical Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Thermoset Materials and Thermoset-Based Composites: Challenge and Opportunity

Morici

Dintcheva

2022

Polymers

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Thermoset materials and their composites are characterized by a long life cycle with their main applications in aircrafts, wind turbines and constructions as insulating materials. Considering the importance of recovery and valorization of these materials at their end-of-life, avoiding landfilling, the interest concerning their recycling grows continuously. The thermoset materials and their composites, to be successfully recovered and valorized, must degrade their three-dimensional structures and recover the mono-oligomers and/or fillers. The thermoset materials could successfully degrade through thermal treatment at different temperatures (for example, above 1000 °C for incineration, ca. 500 °C for oxidation/combustion of organic constituents, etc.), chemical degradation by catalyst, irradiation with or without the presence of water, alcohol, etc., and mechanical recycling, obtaining fine particles that are useful as filler and/or reinforcement additives. Among these recycling methods, this mini-review focuses on the formulation and recovery method of innovative thermoset with in-build recyclability, i.e., materials having chemical links that could be degraded on-demand or containing dynamic covalent bonds to have re-processable and/or recyclable thermoset. This issue could be considered the future perspective in developing novel thermoset materials. The aim of this review is to get an overview of the state of the art in thermoset recycling and of the most commonly used thermoset composites, recovering valuable reinforcing fibers. Additionally, in this work, we also report not only known recycling routes for thermoset and thermoset-based composites, but also new and novel formulating strategies for producing thermosets with built-in recyclability, i.e., containing chemical-triggered on-demand links. This mini-review is also a valuable guide for educational purposes for students and specialized technicians in polymer production and recycling.

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Recycling and valorization of glass fibre thermoset composite waste by cold incorporation into a sustainable inorganic polymer matrix

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Lifecycle Assessment of Strategies for Decarbonising Wind Blade Recycling toward Net Zero 2050

Lifecycle Assessment of Strategies for Decarbonising Wind Blade Recycling toward Net Zero 2050

A Review _soil Improvement Using the Multi Type of Polypropylene Material

Recycling of Thermoset Materials and Thermoset-Based Composites: Challenge and Opportunity

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