Recycling Arsenic from Gallium Arsenide Scraps through Sulfurizing Thermal Treatment

Zhan, Lu; Li, Jianguo; Xie, Bing; Xu, Zhenming

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02962

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Roasting at high temperature is an effective method to remove As and S as gases As 2 O 3 and SO 2 by thermal decomposition . However, through thermodynamic calculation, the temperatures of the thermal decomposition of iron arsenate and calcium sulfate shown in reactions and are around 1600 and 1249 °C, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Separation and Recycling of Goethite and Calcium Sulfate in Zinc Hydrometallurgy in the Presence of Maghemite Fine Particles

Yue

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Goethite (α-FeOOH) and calcium sulfate (CaSO4·2H2O) are the main solid constituents of the iron oxide residues in zinc hydrometallurgy by the goethite process. Impounding these residues in tailings ponds is costly to maintain and causes a great threat to the local environment. In this study, magnetic separation was applied to separating goethite from calcium sulfate with maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) fine particles as the carrier, which were prepared by roasting −1 μm pure magnetite mineral particles. The SEM images and XRD patterns indicated the precipitation of goethite on maghemite fine particles in the goethite process, which made the goethite aggregates magnetic, while the calcium sulfate formed nonmagnetic bulk precipitates. The magnetic goethite–maghemite aggregates were then separated effectively from calcium sulfate precipitates using a magnetic drum separator. The recovery of Fe and Ca to their corresponding products was 93.2% and 91.9%, respectively. The removal of S and As from goethite precipitates was studied by roasting with coal powder. Under the optimum conditions of the coke powder to the residue mass ratio of 4% and 1100 °C, 99.3% S and 99.5% As were removed while the goethite precipitates reached the standard of ironmaking raw materials. After drying, the calcium sulfate precipitates are used to produce cement and building materials.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Separation and Recycling of Goethite and Calcium Sulfate in Zinc Hydrometallurgy in the Presence of Maghemite Fine Particles

Yue

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Zhang, Lu et al. [ 186 ] recycled zinc from Zn–Mn battery waste and prepared nano‐Zn oxide by evaporation and separation with controlled oxidation, where 98.99% recovery efficiency was achieved for zinc. Also for cathode materials, manganese oxides can be recycled under thermal treatment at 900 °C.…”

Section: Current Challenges and Potential Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on Flexible Zinc‐Ion Batteries from Lab Research to Commercialization

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

fields such as healthcare, automotive, and aviation. Among them, flexible and wearable electronics exhibit a growing interest such as implantable medical devices, [1] wearable health monitoring systems, [1,2] flexible displays, [3] and smart clothes. [4] Conventional devices utilizing rigid and relatively unsafe lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as the power supply cannot satisfy the future requirements of biocompatible and flexible features. Moreover, the bottleneck of flexible LIBs, such as the high cost, safety issues and intricate manufacturing requirements restrict the commercialization of flexible LIBs. As promising alternatives, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted a significant attention. They are regarded as competitive candidates for flexible devices owing to the high volumetric capacity (5855 mAh cm −3 ) of the zinc metal and its facile fabrication process. Meanwhile, the superior cost advantage, $25/kWh [5] for AZIBs comparing to $135/kWh [6,7] for LIBs, is beneficial to applying AZIBs in different scales of devices.Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) currently suffer from unfavorable water-induced side reactions that result in zinc dendrite formation, dissolution of cathode materials and the formation of byproducts on cathodes, thus causing a fast capacity fade. Owing to the water electrolysis (stable Owing to the development of aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), flexible ZIBs are deemed as potential candidates to power wearable electronics. ZIBs with solid-state polymer electrolytes can not only maintain additional load-bearing properties, but exhibit enhanced electrochemical properties by preventing dendrite formation and inhibiting cathode dissolution. Substantial efforts have been applied to polymer electrolytes by developing solid polymer electrolytes, hydrogel polymer electrolytes, and hybrid polymer electrolytes; however, the research of polymer electrolytes for ZIBs is still immature. Herein, the recent progress in polymer electrolytes is summarized by category for flexible ZIBs, especially hydrogel electrolytes, including their synthesis and characterization. Aiming to provide an insight from lab research to commercialization, the relevant challenges, device configurations, and life cycle analysis are consolidated. As flexible batteries, the majority of polymer electrolytes exploited so far only emphasizes the electrochemical performance but the mechanical behavior and interactions with the electrode materials have hardly been considered. Hence, strategies of combining softness and strength and the integration with electrodes are discussed for flexible ZIBs. A ranking index, combining both electrochemical and mechanical properties, is introduced. Future research directions are also covered to guide research toward the commercialization of flexible ZIBs.

show abstract

“…63 Apart from that, two-stage heating-sulfurization (180°C) and evaporation (800°C) under N 2 flow to form arsenic sulfides (low toxicity)-was studied for As recovery. 72 LED recycling via conventional pyrometallurgical operations (copper and gold recycling process) is limited because of preferential transfer of Ga to copper or precious metal slags, low-grade waste, and the presence of arsenic. 3…”

Section: Pyrometallurgymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Recycling of End-of-Life Light-Emitting Diodes for Metal Recovery

Mir

Vaishampayan

Dhawan

2022

JOM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The generation of end-of-life light-emitting diodes (LEDs) requires efforts to minimize waste and recycle critical raw elements (gallium, indium, and rare earths). This review critically analyzes recycling processes such as physical, hydrometallurgical, and pyrometallurgical treatments. An insight into gallium compounds (GaN, GaAs) and their influence on recycling strategies is provided. Pre-treatment plays a critical role in dissociating the rigid structure of GaN. The major gaps in recycling are identification, segregation, selective recovery, and limited studies on the elemental flow of toxic arsenic. It is calculated that the processing of 1 ton of LEDs is equivalent to 7.8 tons, 3.2 tons, and 42 tons of primary Ga ore, In ore, and Au ore in metallurgical value, respectively. The market value calculations revealed significant economic values of Au, Ag, and REEs. A recycling flowsheet based on the literature for the holistic recovery of Ga, In, Au, and REEs is proposed.

show abstract

Recycling Arsenic from Gallium Arsenide Scraps through Sulfurizing Thermal Treatment

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Magnetic Separation and Recycling of Goethite and Calcium Sulfate in Zinc Hydrometallurgy in the Presence of Maghemite Fine Particles

Magnetic Separation and Recycling of Goethite and Calcium Sulfate in Zinc Hydrometallurgy in the Presence of Maghemite Fine Particles

Insights on Flexible Zinc‐Ion Batteries from Lab Research to Commercialization

A Review on Recycling of End-of-Life Light-Emitting Diodes for Metal Recovery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About