Recycling for All Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

Azhari, Luqman; Bong, Sungyool; Ma, Xiaotu; Wang, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.027

Cited by 54 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…However, most of the studies about recycling of LIBs are devoted to conventional liquid‐based electrolyte LIBs, while little attention has been paid to recycling of new emerging ASS‐LIBs. [7] Among these, the recycling of sulfide‐based ASS‐LIBs (e. g., Li|Li 6 PS 5 Cl|LiCoO 2 ) [8] and oxide‐based ASS‐LIBs such as LLZO (Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 ) [9] have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is expected that in the near future, all‐solid‐state lithium ion batteries (ASS‐LIBs) will enter the market of the energy industry since they offer higher safety and energy density [6] as compared to conventional LIBs. However, most of the studies about recycling of LIBs are devoted to conventional liquid‐based electrolyte LIBs, while little attention has been paid to recycling of new emerging ASS‐LIBs [7] . Among these, the recycling of sulfide‐based ASS‐LIBs (e. g., Li|Li 6 PS 5 Cl|LiCoO 2 ) [8] and oxide‐based ASS‐LIBs such as LLZO (Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 ) [9] have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards Recycling of LLZO Solid Electrolyte Exemplarily Performed on LFP/LLZO/LTO Cells**

et al. 2022

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All‐solid‐state lithium ion batteries (ASS‐LIBs) are promising due to their safety and higher energy density as compared to that of conventional LIBs. Over the next few decades, tremendous amounts of spent ASS‐LIBs will reach the end of their cycle life and would require recycling in order to address the waste management issue along with reduced exploitation of rare elements. So far, only very limited studies have been conducted on recycling of ASS‐LIBS. Herein, we investigate the recycling of the Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO) solid‐state electrolyte in a LiFePO 4 /LLZO/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 system using a hydrometallurgical approach. Our results show that different concentration of the leaching solutions can significantly influence the final product of the recycling process. However, it was possible to recover relatively pure La 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 to re‐synthesize the cubic LLZO phase, whose high purity was confirmed by XRD measurements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Recycling of LLZO Solid Electrolyte Exemplarily Performed on LFP/LLZO/LTO Cells**

et al. 2022

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“…The development of low-concentration, or even fluorine-free aqueous electrolyte with acceptable electrochemical performance would therefore boost sustainability in recycling, 223 For potential next-generation Ni-rich NMC cathodes, water-based electrolytes will make the surface of NMC more vulnerable to side reactions that form a rock-salt phase and accelerate degradation. 224 The use of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) including, oxides and sulfides, boosts battery safety and separation efficiency, 225,226 especially sulphide-based SSEs that can be dissolved in low-cost solvents such as alcohols. 227 However, recycling aspects for solidstate batteries are underexplored with limited recent works addressing recycling sulfide-based solid electrolytes.…”

Section: Electrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

Toward practical lithium-ion battery recycling: adding value, tackling circularity and recycling-oriented design

Mao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Energy Environ. Sci.

189

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“…Proposed new recycling processes to cope with all these chemistries (and related BMS) will create new process challenges; for example, the presence of Li metal will affect safety aspects of the recycling processes. [ 138 ] Recycling processes may have to be redesigned, for example, to use an inert gas atmosphere, depending on the battery type. While the transition to aqueous processing of electrodes on the large scale is inevitable with regard to economic and ecologic improvements in battery manufacturing, the same relevance of this transition accounts for recycling and recovery processes of electrodes. [ 139–141 ] Obsolete binders and additives will have to be removed in advance to further recovery steps of active materials.…”

Section: Battery 2030+: Research Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Roadmap for Transforming Research to Invent the Batteries of the Future Designed within the European Large Scale Research Initiative BATTERY 2030+

Amici

Asinari

Ayerbe

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

123

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This roadmap presents the transformational research ideas proposed by “BATTERY 2030+,” the European large‐scale research initiative for future battery chemistries. A “chemistry‐neutral” roadmap to advance battery research, particularly at low technology readiness levels, is outlined, with a time horizon of more than ten years. The roadmap is centered around six themes: 1) accelerated materials discovery platform, 2) battery interface genome, with the integration of smart functionalities such as 3) sensing and 4) self‐healing processes. Beyond chemistry related aspects also include crosscutting research regarding 5) manufacturability and 6) recyclability. This roadmap should be seen as an enabling complement to the global battery roadmaps which focus on expected ultrahigh battery performance, especially for the future of transport. Batteries are used in many applications and are considered to be one technology necessary to reach the climate goals. Currently the market is dominated by lithium‐ion batteries, which perform well, but despite new generations coming in the near future, they will soon approach their performance limits. Without major breakthroughs, battery performance and production requirements will not be sufficient to enable the building of a climate‐neutral society. Through this “chemistry neutral” approach a generic toolbox transforming the way batteries are developed, designed and manufactured, will be created.

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Recycling for All Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

Cited by 54 publications

References 101 publications

Towards Recycling of LLZO Solid Electrolyte Exemplarily Performed on LFP/LLZO/LTO Cells**

Towards Recycling of LLZO Solid Electrolyte Exemplarily Performed on LFP/LLZO/LTO Cells**

Toward practical lithium-ion battery recycling: adding value, tackling circularity and recycling-oriented design

A Roadmap for Transforming Research to Invent the Batteries of the Future Designed within the European Large Scale Research Initiative BATTERY 2030+

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