Recycling of an electric arc furnace flue dust to obtain high grade ZnO

Ruiz, O. Andrés Meza; Clemente, C.; Alonso, M.; Alguacil, Francisco José

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.079

Cited by 120 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The diffractogram corresponding to the sample demineralized with ammonium carbonate (DTC-AC-3) (see Table 2) shows no significant differences to that of the initial TC. This ammonium carbonate solution was found to be suitable for removing ZnO, but not ZnS (Ruiz et al, 2007). The reduction observed in the Zn content of all samples treated with the ammonium carbonate solution (Figure 3) is probably due to the leaching of ZnO.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Demineralized Charsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from the char produced in the thermolysis of granulated scrap tyres

López

Centeno

Rodríguez

et al. 2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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The char produced in the thermolysis of granulated scrap tyres has few market outlets, reducing the economic viability of the thermolytic process. This paper reports the potential of this char as a low-cost precursor of porous carbons. The tyre-derived char was demineralized in either alkaline or acidic media to reduce its ash, zinc, sulfur, and silica contents. The lowest impurity content was achieved with an HNO 3 /H 2 O treatment. The resulting demineralized char was then subjected to activation by KOH or CO 2 . The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)-specific surface area of the activated carbon produced by the KOH treatment was 242 m 2 /g, whereas that of the CO 2 -activated carbon was 720 m 2 /g. The textural properties of the latter product were similar to those of some commercial activated carbons. The use of tyre-derived char as a precursor of porous carbons could render the thermolytic treatment of scrap tyres more economically attractive.Implications: Char produced in thermolysis of granulated scrap tyres has a few market outlets; in this paper an alternative for its use is presented. The char was converted into activated carbon with textural properties similar to those of some commercial activated carbons. This process could render the thermolytic treatment of scrap tyres more economically attractive.

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Section: Characterization Of the Demineralized Charsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from the char produced in the thermolysis of granulated scrap tyres

López

Centeno

Rodríguez

et al. 2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Many processes have been or are being developed worldwide to recover the values from the dust or sludge or render them nonhazardous through stabilization or vitrification. 3,4) These can be pyrometallurgical, 5,6) Hydrometallurgical, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] or a hydration of both. 18) However, finding a cost-effective and environmental-friendly process remains the major challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal Behavior of Zn, Pb, K and Na from Cold Bonded Briquettes of Metallurgical Dust in Simulated RHF

Cui

Zhang

et al. 2009

ISIJ Int.

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Removal behavior of Zn, Pb, K and Na from cold bonded briquettes made by mixing four typical metallurgical wastes, as blast furnace dust, converter dust, electric arc furnace dust and converter sludge with proper proportions, in a simulated RHF (Rotary Hearth Furnace) were investigated in this paper. Effects of temperature and C/O molar ratio on metallization rate of iron oxides, and effect of temperature on removal rate of elements Zn, Pb, K and Na were checked respectively. The results show that when reduction temperature, C/O molar ratio, reduction time are 1 300°C, 1 and 15 min respectively, removal rates of Zn, Pb, K and Na are 97.1 %, 99.4 %, 94.5 % and 89.6 % respectively, at the same time the metallization rate is 80.6 %, which can meet demands of the blast furnace. X-ray mapping analysis via scanning electron micrograph (SEM) for Zn, Pb, K and Na in the cold bonded briquettes at different reduction time and different selected areas tells that Zn, Pb, K and Na located in edge of the briquettes remove faster than those located in the center of briquettes. The dust arrested in the reduction process, called as secondary dust, is proved to be mixture of mainly Zn, ZnO, KCl and NaCl by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and SEM EDS (energy-dispersive spectrometry), and contents of Zn and KCl are obtained as over 60 % and nearly 20 % respectively, while Pb is probably in an insufficient amount to be detected. Water leaching tests arrive at a conclusion that primary separation of Zn and Pb from K and Na is obtained as expected, meanwhile content of element Zn increases from 57.9 % in the initial secondary dust to 73.6 % as ZnO in the leaching residual.

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“…Among total zinc in EAF dust, 0.495ϫ10 5 ton of zinc is estimated to be recovered as crude zinc oxide (ZnO) by the intermediate treatment processes. Crude ZnO is used as a zinc resource by the nonferrous industry such as Imperial Smelting Process (ISP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the industrial importance, several techniques have been developed or proposed as the intermediate treatment process based on the hydro-metallurgical process, 1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] carbothermic reduction, 18) iron-reduction distillation process of zinc oxide in the dust, 19,20) chlorination of heavy metals with PVC 21) and so on. In addition, fundamental studies on the characterization of the dust components, 22) behavior of halogens during the carbothermic reduction, 23) thermodynamic simulation on the selective carbothermic reduction of dust components, 24) reutilization of the dust as a catalyst of waste water treatment, 25) suppression of dust generation in EAF operation 26) have also been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New EAF Dust Treatment Process with the Aid of Strong Magnetic Field

et al. 2008

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A new EAF dust treatment process named as "Lime Addition and Magnetic Separation Process (LAMS Process)" has been proposed to recover zinc oxide from the dust and to use solid residue as a flux for steel refining. The LAMS Process consists of the reaction of EAF dust with CaO followed by the adequate crushing and high gradient magnetic separation. The basic principle of this process has been established by revealing the phase equilibria in the CaO-Fe 2 O 3 -ZnO system where Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 can be in equilibrium with pure ZnO rather than ZnFe 2 O 4 , which is the major component of EAF dust, at higher CaO region. The conversion of zinc ferrite in EAF dust to ZnO and Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 has been experimentally demonstrated by heating the dust with double molar amount of CaO at 1 173 and 1 373 K. It has also been demonstrated that the formed ZnO and Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 can be separated by the strong magnetic field. Therefore, it may be possible to recover ZnO from EAF dust without the carbothermic reduction like Waelz process.

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Recycling of an electric arc furnace flue dust to obtain high grade ZnO

Cited by 120 publications

References 10 publications

Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from the char produced in the thermolysis of granulated scrap tyres

Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from the char produced in the thermolysis of granulated scrap tyres

Removal Behavior of Zn, Pb, K and Na from Cold Bonded Briquettes of Metallurgical Dust in Simulated RHF

New EAF Dust Treatment Process with the Aid of Strong Magnetic Field

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