Recycling of bottom ash from biomass combustion in porcelain stoneware tiles: Effects on technological properties, phase evolution and microstructure

Conte, Sonia; Buonamico, Daniele; Magni, Tommaso; Arletti, Rossella; Dondi, Michele; Guarini, Guia; Zanelli, Chiara

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.05.014

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…GSTO has the lowest degree of densification (2.31 g/cm 3 ) and presents a bimodal distribution of porosity: relatively large, closed pores (~20-30 µm in diameter) together with a series of small pores, smaller than 10 µm. The irregularly shaped pores of larger dimensions that can be observed in GPOR, are presumably due to powder compaction defects [39]. In detail, SOPO, VICH and POST show a lower pores volume, also smaller in size, than that of the other samples, corresponding to a higher bulk density (2.39-2.44 g/cm 3 ) and lower closed porosity (Figure 6, Table S1).…”

Section: Microstructural Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Similar features were already observed in porcelain stoneware bodies containing an increasing amount of glassy waste [29], and for which a relationship between the amount of waste glass and residual quartz was highlighted: namely, the higher the glass addition, the lower the quantity of quartz in the fired bodies. Moreover, the introduction of alternative fluxes [29,31,39] led to the occurrence of more feldspars at the end of the firing with respect to a waste-free body. At temperatures higher than 1100 • C, cristobalite stabilizes with a content >2 wt%, while the formation of the non-crystalline matrix occurs at a slower rate and in lower amount (~60 wt%) than for classic porcelain stoneware POST and GPOR.…”

Section: Phase Composition Of the Fired Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microstructural Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porcelain versus Porcelain Stoneware: So Close, So Different. Sintering Kinetics, Phase Evolution, and Vitrification Paths

et al. 2022

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Five porcelain and porcelain stoneware bodies were investigated to compare sintering mechanisms and kinetics, phase and microstructure evolution, and high temperature stability. All batches were designed with the same raw materials and processing conditions, and characterized by optical dilatometry, XRF, XRPD-Rietveld, FEG-SEM and technological properties. Porcelain and porcelain stoneware behave distinctly during sintering, with the convolution of completely different phase evolution and melt composition/structure. The firing behavior of porcelain is essentially controlled by microstructural features. Changes in mullitization create conditions for a relatively fast densification rate at lower temperature (depolymerized melt, lower solid load) then to contrast deformations at high temperature (enhanced effective viscosity by increasing solid load, mullite aspect ratio, and melt polymerization). In porcelain stoneware, the sintering behavior is basically governed by physical and chemical properties of the melt, which depend on the stability of quartz and mullite at high temperature. A buffering effect ensures adequate effective viscosity to counteract deformation, either by preserving a sufficient skeleton or by increasing melt viscosity if quartz is melted. When a large amount of soda–lime glass is used, no buffering effect occurs with melting of feldspars, as both solid load and melt viscosity decrease. In this batch, the persistence of a feldspathic skeleton plays a key role to control pyroplasticity.

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Section: Microstructural Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Phase Composition Of the Fired Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microstructural Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porcelain versus Porcelain Stoneware: So Close, So Different. Sintering Kinetics, Phase Evolution, and Vitrification Paths

et al. 2022

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“…It should be noted that the possibilities of reusing wood bottom ash have not been studied as extensively as other types of ash used as supplementary binding materials. However, there are studies on the reuse of wood bottom ash in the production of self-compacting concrete [36][37][38], stoneware tiles [39], aggregates [40,41], and soil stabilization [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Milled Wood Waste Bottom Ash (WWBA) on the Properties of Conventional Concrete and Cement Hydration

Vaičienė,

Malaiškienė,

Maqbool

2023

Materials

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Wood waste bottom ash (WWBA) is a waste generated in power plants during the burning of forest residues to produce energy and heat. In 2019, approximately 19,800 tons of WWBA was generated only in Lithuania. WWBA is rarely recycled or reused and is mostly landfilled, which is both costly for the industry and unsustainable. This study presents a sustainable solution to replace a part of cement with WWBA at 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% by weight. Problems are also associated with the use of this material, as WWBA could have a relatively large surface area and a high water demand. For the evaluation of the possibilities of WWBA use for cementitious materials, the calorimetry test for the cement paste as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermography (TG, DTG), and porosity (MIP) for hardened cement paste with the results of physical and mechanical properties, and the freeze–thaw resistance of the concrete was measured and compared. It was found that WWBA with a large quantity of CO2 could be used as a microfiller with weak pozzolanic properties in the manufacture of cementitious materials. As a result, concrete containing 6% WWBA used to substitute cement has higher density, compressive strength at 28 days, and ultrasonic pulse velocity values. In terms of durability, it was verified that concrete modified with 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% WWBA had a freeze–thaw resistance level of F150. The results show that the use of WWBA to replace cement is a valuable sustainable option for the production of conventional concrete and has a positive effect on durability.

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Glass‐ceramic: Controlled crystallization of glasses obtained from biomass ash

Dias,

Leme,

dos Santos

et al. 2023

Int J Ceramic Engine & Sci

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In this work, vitreous material was produced, using ash from burning wood in a boiler, to obtain a glass‐ceramic with the gehlenite phase. The glass obtained by melt‐quenching at 1450°C was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and other techniques to determine the glass transition and crystallization temperatures, and crystallization kinetics were investigated using the Kissinger model. Tablets prepared with glass powder were treated at 970, 990, 1074, and 1120°C for 1 h, to obtain the glass‐ceramic material. The phase identified by X‐ray diffraction was gehlenite, with two crystalline structures coexisting in the sample. According to the kinetics study, the phase with a tetragonal structure had a lower crystallization activation energy, and therefore, it may have been the first phase to be formed in the material. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed crystalline regions within the glassy matrix with a lamellar microstructure, with no geometrically defined morphology and no morphological or microstructural distinction, suggesting that both gehlenite phases coexist without apparent distinctions in the glass‐ceramic. The best results for water absorption, apparent porosity, and apparent density were for the glass‐ceramic sample sintered at 990°C, whose values were respectively 0.1, 0.29, and 2.89 g/cm3.

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Recycling of bottom ash from biomass combustion in porcelain stoneware tiles: Effects on technological properties, phase evolution and microstructure

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Porcelain versus Porcelain Stoneware: So Close, So Different. Sintering Kinetics, Phase Evolution, and Vitrification Paths

Porcelain versus Porcelain Stoneware: So Close, So Different. Sintering Kinetics, Phase Evolution, and Vitrification Paths

The Impact of Milled Wood Waste Bottom Ash (WWBA) on the Properties of Conventional Concrete and Cement Hydration

Glass‐ceramic: Controlled crystallization of glasses obtained from biomass ash

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