Recycling of Carbon Fibres and Subsequent Upcycling for the Production of 3D-CFRP Parts

Rabe, David; Häntzsche, Eric; Cherif, Chokri

doi:10.3390/ma15145052

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…8,59 These operations include preforming and consolidation. In preforming, the endless yarns can be utilized to develop woven (single or multilayer), 60 knitted, 61 or unidirectional (UD) structures 27,33 for consolidation. The process flow of developing composites from hybrid yarn is presented in Figure 15(a)–(d).…”

Section: Post Spinning Operations and Their Technological Aspects For...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in yarn formation technology for producing innovative hybrid yarn structures from staple carbon and thermoplastic fibers for high-performance composites

Abdkader

Khurshid

Hasan

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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Technological developments in the processing of staple carbon fiber disclosed that producing hybrid yarn with improved homogeneity, uniformity, compactness and orientation can fully utilize the potential in high-performance composites. Therefore, developing hybrid yarn structures through yarn formation technology has become an emerging trend in the past few years. The present paper aims to highlight the recent development in the yarn formation technology for producing innovative yarn structures from staple carbon and thermoplastic fibers for high-performance fiber-reinforced plastics. For this purpose, pre-spinning, spinning and post-spinning operations of yarn formation technology are reviewed to technological aspects and processing of staple carbon fiber. Furthermore, recent developments in developing flyer, friction and wrap-spun hybrid yarn for high-performance composites are also presented in this paper. An attempt is carried out to develop the relationship between hybrid yarn structures and composite properties. The comparison of tensile properties of thermoplastic plastic composites shows that composite based on hybrid yarn structure possesses 300% and 700% higher tensile strength compared to nonwovens and injection molding composites.

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Section: Post Spinning Operations and Their Technological Aspects For...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in yarn formation technology for producing innovative hybrid yarn structures from staple carbon and thermoplastic fibers for high-performance composites

Abdkader

Khurshid

Hasan

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

Self Cite

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“…However, these methods have limitations when it comes to recovering carbon fibers with mechanical properties comparable to those of virgin carbon fibers [ 11 ]. Modern recycling methods mainly use pyrolysis, a process that, while recovering carbon fibers as a valuable resource, has disadvantages such as significant energy consumption and the production of brittle fibers that are not suitable for textile applications [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Investigation on a Water- and Acetone-Based Solvolysis Recycling Process for CFRPs

Vogiantzi,

Tserpes

2024

Materials

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Composites, and especially carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs), are increasingly used in the automotive, aerospace, and aviation industries, and as a result, CFRP production has increased dramatically, leading to a corresponding increase in waste. Landfills and the incineration of waste are likely to be restricted as a result of legislation, thus highlighting the need for efficient recycling methods for CFRPs. However, the recycling of CFRPs is very challenging, mainly due to the difficulty of removing their thermosetting matrix. This study reports a pre-screening of the solvolysis recycling process for CFRPs based on the mechanical properties of the recovered fibers. To this end, solvolysis tests were conducted on unidirectional CFRP samples under supercritical and subcritical conditions using acetone and water. The solvolysis tests were conducted for various conditions of temperature, pressure, and reaction time, without the use of any catalyst. Also, the loading rate (volume of solvent/volume of reactor) was constant. The efficiency of the recycling processes has been evaluated through a morphological and a mechanical characterization of the recovered fibers. In most cases, the decomposition efficiency of the epoxy resin, measured in terms of mass, ranged between 90 and 100%. Moreover, the scanning electron microscopy images of the recovered fibers showed negligible traces of resin residues and no detectable signs of physical damage or any changes in morphology with regard to diameter. Finally, the single-fiber tension tests revealed that that the recovered fibers retained more than 61% of their initial Young’s modulus and 70% of their tensile strength.

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“…(2) Multiple recycling experiments result in an obvious reduction in the mechanical performance of the PASC and its composites, which may generate plastic waste that needs to be disposed. (3) Achieving the upcycling of the PASC and its composite wastes successfully can provide a possible solution to the serious environmental pollution generated by the traditional thermosets and their CFRP composites. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Dynamic Covalent Polymer Networks Containing Acylsemicarbazide Bonds: Toward High-Performance Composites with Excellent Self-Healing and Upcycling Performance

Wang,

Ma,

Jian

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Dynamic covalent polymer networks (DCPNs) with self-healing and recycling performance are highly relevant to sustainable development. Disposal of plastic wastes generated during DCPN reprocessing still faces serious challenges and deserves to be explored. Herein, high-performance polyacylsemicarbazide (PASC) with DCPNs exhibiting excellent self-healing and recycling properties are synthesized by the reaction of sebacic dihydrazide with isophorone diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer. Upcycling of the PASC waste generated after four-time reprocessing is achieved by adding epoxy monomers and amine curing reagents, followed by a thermal treatment. The optimized epoxy resin exhibits a tensile strength of 101 MPa, Young's modulus of 2.73 GPa, elongation at break of 8.67%, toughness of 7.13 MJ•m −3 , T g of 140 °C, and T d of 250 °C, which overall surpass those of the original DCPNs, demonstrating excellent upcycling performance. The recycled resin waste from the carbon fiber-reinforced DCPNs can be upcycled using the same strategy. The upcycled epoxy resin and recycled fiber can be re-employed to prepare high-performance composites with robust mechanical properties. Given the low cost and commercial availability of the monomers, successful upcycling of PASC wastes not only reduces environmental pollution, but also enables possible industrialization and contributes to the circular economy.

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Recycling of Carbon Fibres and Subsequent Upcycling for the Production of 3D-CFRP Parts

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Recent developments in yarn formation technology for producing innovative hybrid yarn structures from staple carbon and thermoplastic fibers for high-performance composites

Recent developments in yarn formation technology for producing innovative hybrid yarn structures from staple carbon and thermoplastic fibers for high-performance composites

A Preliminary Investigation on a Water- and Acetone-Based Solvolysis Recycling Process for CFRPs

Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Dynamic Covalent Polymer Networks Containing Acylsemicarbazide Bonds: Toward High-Performance Composites with Excellent Self-Healing and Upcycling Performance

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