BackgroundMicrobial fuel cell, a potential cost‐effective technology for the energy neutral treatment of wastewater. However, the successful implementation of this technology in resource recovery is still limited. In this study, a microbial electrochemical cell was designed and operated for 30 days. The critical factors assessed for removal and recovery of N and P as struvite from wastewater.ResultsThe optimization studies on critical factors like the chemical oxygen demand of wastewater (500–2000 mg/L) and cathode aeration rate (45–135 mL/min) were conducted using the pure culture of Escherichia coli. The system yielded an average power densityof 465 mW/m2, average current density of 915 mA/m2 and P recovery at an extent of 40% as struvite. Additionally the maximum reduction in the COD of 90% with an average coulombic efficiency of about 82% was obtained at a short interval of 30 days. The solubility studies of the recovered struvite for 12 h. at different pH from 4.5 to 9 showed maximum solubility of 80% at 4.5 and minimum of 3.5% at 9.ConclusionThis study moves one step closer to applying MFC technology for N and P‐rich wastewater treatment with concurrent struvite precipitation and electricity production. In this way, Sustainable Development Goals 2, 6, and 7 can be achieved through resource recovery, clean water, and bioenergy.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.