Recycling of waste to secondary raw materials as a way to increase environmental safety of production

Abstract

Complex influence of the ground of waste of the oil refinery including three sections of a pond store, a pond evaporator, a pond - the store of synthetic fatty acids, a dump of solid industrial wastes, the card of viscous waste of production of additives on the environment is investigated. It is revealed that the main pollutant are oil products (oil hydrocarbons), the steady trend of their accumulation in the environment is noted. It is established that extent of utilization of the petrowaste which is valuable secondary raw materials is small that leads to their accumulation on the grounds and sludge collectors which are sources of environmental pollution. Extent of recycling of production of additives is especially low that is explained by their complex structure causing the low productivity and high cost of technological process of their processing. The scheme of the organization of monitoring of a condition of the environment around placement of the ground of waste including control of a condition of the atmosphere, underground waters and soils is offered. Reduction of environmental pollution by waste of oil processing due to their greatest possible secondary use and consequently, and economy of scarce and expensive natural raw materials, it is possible only in the presence at the enterprise of the comprehensive program of waste management. The theoretical and pilot researches directed to decrease in negative impact of the ground of waste of oil refineries on the environment are conducted, the method of liquidation of the map of viscous production wastes of additives with use of production wastes of the additive DF-11 (KEK) is developed.

Methods for calculating the balance during the period of draw-off, drainage of sludge collector cells and construction of secondary embankment dams

“…Consequently, production waste generated at chemical plants is stored in various types of storage tanks. At present, the most promising method of removing and storing phosphogypsum is hydrostorage [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. This storage method provides for the supply of waste in the form of pulp into the hydraulic dump cells, their sequential dehydration in the dump, and the subsequent development of a part of the stored waste for the construction of secondary dams.…”