Recycling Rubber Tyres and Waste Plastics in EAF Steelmaking

Sahajwalla, Veena; Zaharia, Magdalena; Rahman, M.; Khanna, Rita; Saha-Chaudhury, N.; O'Kane, Paul; Dicker, Jonathan; Skidmore, Catherine; Knights, David

doi:10.1002/srin.201100047

Cited by 48 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Every year 1.2 billion scrap tyres are generated worldwide [1]. European legislation has established the following preferential order of environmental friendly management with respect to waste material: reduction, reuse, recycling and energy production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of polymers in waste tyre reinforcing fibre by thermal analysis and pyrolysis

Acevedo

Fernández

Barriocanal

2015

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The composition of the reinforcing fibre obtained from the recycling of scrap tyres was analyzed with a view to finding the most suitable applications for it. The material (RF) was separated into two different parts i.e. fibre (F) and microfibre (MF) to ensure the maximum homogeneity of the material under study. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) together with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to identify the polymers present in the waste and to determine in what proportions they were present. Determination of the temperatures of maximum volatile matter evolution (Tmax), the yield at the end of the pyrolysis and the melting temperatures yielded very useful results for the identification of the polymers. In order to confirm the results obtained, pyrolysis of the pure polymers was carried out and the decomposition products were analysed. The results were then compared with the oil composition data derived from the pyrolysis of the waste fibres. Our results showed the presence of two polyamides, rayon, polyester and aramid.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of polymers in waste tyre reinforcing fibre by thermal analysis and pyrolysis

Acevedo

Fernández

Barriocanal

2015

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1,2) A sustained level of slag foaming is essential for efficient operation of EAF steelmaking process. An improvement in the slag foaming behaviour depends on the ability of slag to hold off-gases (CO/CO2) produced during high temperature reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Waste Polymers in EAF Steelmaking: Influence of Polymer Composition on Carbon/Slag Interactions

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interactions between blends of metallurgical coke and polymers with EAF slag (30.5% FeO) at 1 550°C have been investigated using a sessile drop arrangement to determine the influence the polymer and its chemical composition on carbon/slag interactions. Two polymers, namely polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU), were used in this study. The CO emissions during carbon/slag interactions for PET/Coke and PU/Coke blends were lower as compared to corresponding emissions from metallurgical coke. An improvement in slag foaming, as determined by the dynamic changes in the volume of the slag droplet, was observed when PET/Coke and PU/Coke blends were used compared to the coke alone. Relatively greater number of gas bubbles was found to be entrapped in the slag droplet along with reduced iron droplets. Higher level of H2O formation was also seen in the case of PET/Coke and PU/Coke blends as a result of FeO reduction by H2. These results indicate that volatiles (H2 and CH4) released from the polymer/coke blends can influence the interactions between carbon and slag (in addition to reduction reactions by solid carbon). This study shows that a variety of waste polymers can be utilised as a carbon resource in EAF steelmaking processes.

show abstract

“…Magdalena ZAHARIA, 1) Veena SAHAJWALLA, 1) Rita KHANNA, 1) Pramod KOSHY 1) and Paul O'KANE 2) factor is dependent on the bubble size and lamellae stability. 8) On the other hand, viscosity and surface tension influences the movement of the bubbles in the gas dispersed liquid.…”

Section: Carbon/slag Interactions Between Coke/rubber Blends and Eaf mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The publication in Steel Research Int. by Sahajwalla et al 30) considered besides the normally used coke, different blends with waste plastics and the technique proved to posses a series of advantages. The visual monitoring of carbon-slag interactions for investigation of interfacial phenomena with further data processing of video images through the novel sessile drop software detailed by Khanna et al 21) in a Met.…”

Section: Carbon/slag Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3) In 2003 the electric arc furnaces in U.S. began to use scrap tyres as a source of carbon and steel for manufacturing high-carbon steel products by introducing whole tires into a charge bucket. Two companies (Nucor Steel-Auburn NY and IPSCO Steel-Mobile AL) began using scrap tyres in the steelmaking process 4) after completing initial trials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Carbon/Slag Interactions between Coke/Rubber Blends and EAF Slag at 1 550°C

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using the sessile drop approach, interfacial reactions taking place in the slag/carbon region were investigated at 1 550°C in a horizontal tube furnace under inert atmosphere (1 L/min Ar). In this study, waste rubber tyres were blended with metallurgical coke, already used as injectant in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking, in different proportions. Off gas analyses and physicochemical properties of the slag have been evaluated and correlated with the carbon/slag interactions. The gaseous emissions from metallurgical coke showed lower concentrations in comparison to the emissions from the coke-rubber blends. With an increase of rubber in the blend, gaseous emissions were enhanced. Significant carbon/slag interactions occurred when coke/rubber blends were used, with associated iron oxide reductions within the slag phase. Higher gas entrapment in the slag was also observed when the rubber partially replaced the coke.High levels of gas generation leads to increased likelihood of convective transport of reactants and products from the carbonaceous material surface due to evolution of gases as a result of slag/carbon interactions. The oxides present in the ash partially dissolve the molten slag, modifying the slag composition. The results have been discussed and correlated with the hydrogen, ash and sulphur contents of the carbonaceous residues as well as with the dynamic changes in slag composition.This study highlights significant differences in the carbon/slag interactions of coke/rubber blends with EAF slag, compared to interaction of coke with the same slag.KEY WORDS: rubber; EAF steelmaking; carbon/slag interactions; volume ratio; microscopic investigations. 1513© 2009 ISIJ factor is dependent on the bubble size and lamellae stability. 8) On the other hand, viscosity and surface tension influences the movement of the bubbles in the gas dispersed liquid. Foaming was described by Kozakevitch 9) and more recently by Hara et al. 8) in terms of surface chemistry. They measured the foam life and foam height for binary and ternary systems composed of CaO-SiO 2 -FeO and correlated the foam height with the physicochemical properties of metallurgical slags.Foaming is a dynamic phenomenon involving one dimensional two-phase flow.10) With time foaming shows fluctuating behavior due to the changes occurring in the slag composition.11) To account for these dynamic conditions Morales et al. 12) attempted to quantify the foaming behavior by introducing a foaming index which is correlated to the changes in the slag volume and the rate of generated gas. Bikerman et al.13) first described a foaming index which had been empirically related to physical properties of the slag such as the surface tension (s), viscosity (h), and density (r) of the liquid slag and the size of the bubbles (d b ). This index has a unit of time and can be considered as the residence time of the bubbles in the foam. Foaming has been shown to improve with decreasing surface tension and increasing viscosity of slag, 14) although the magnitude of the ...

show abstract

Recycling Rubber Tyres and Waste Plastics in EAF Steelmaking

Cited by 48 publications

References 14 publications

Identification of polymers in waste tyre reinforcing fibre by thermal analysis and pyrolysis

Identification of polymers in waste tyre reinforcing fibre by thermal analysis and pyrolysis

Recycling Waste Polymers in EAF Steelmaking: Influence of Polymer Composition on Carbon/Slag Interactions

Carbon/Slag Interactions between Coke/Rubber Blends and EAF Slag at 1 550°C

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About