Recycling Spent LiFePO₄ Battery to Prepare Low-Cost Li₄SiO₄ Sorbents for High-Temperature CO₂ Capture

Abstract

Renewable energy and electric vehicles are well-acknowledged strategies for reducing CO 2 emissions, and their development relies heavily on the core of energy storage systems using lithium-ion batteries. However, recycling of lithium-ion batteries is far from mature, and massive abandonment of spent batteries would lead to severe environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the shortage of lithium resources brought about by the rapid development of lithium-ion batteries, especially LiFePO 4 , significantly drives up the preparation cost of Li 4 SiO 4 as a promise sorbent and greatly limits its application as a CO 2 capture scheme. Hence, a strategy is urgently needed to alleviate the lithium resource contradiction between energy storage and CO 2 mitigation. Herein, we report a novel concept in recycling spent LiFePO 4 battery to prepare high-efficiency and low-cost Li 4 SiO 4 sorbents for CO 2 capture. The obtained Li 4 SiO 4 sorbents demonstrate very stable CO 2 capacities of 0.27− 0.28 g/g in a typical test up to 80 cycles, a leading level in CO 2 capture, while the cost is only 1/6 of the conventional preparation process. It suggests that the concept of recycling spent LiFePO 4 for CO 2 capture has broad implications on resource utilization of energy waste and the mitigation of CO 2 emissions. KEYWORDS: CO 2 adsorption, spent lithium-ion battery, Li 4 SiO 4 , high-temperature CO 2 sorbent

Simplifying and Optimizing Li4SiO4 Preparation from Spent LiFePO4 Batteries with Enhanced CO2 Adsorption

“…The initial CO 2 capacity is found to be 0.24 g/g, which then increases to 0.25 g/g in the 2nd cycle. Despite some slight fluctuation of the capacity observed in the following cycles of adsorption and desorption, the final capacity is determined to maintain a high level of approximately 0.24 g/g, which is 85% higher than our previous reported result . It means that the sorbent prepared under this condition has excellent long-term stability.…”

“…Extensive research has been done on the recycling of spent LIBs, , mainly including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and regeneration of electrode materials . While lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, and ternary lithium batteries can be recycled by the dry method, LiFePO 4 batteries are more suitable to be recycled via the wet method for the advantages of a high metal recovery rate, high product purity, low energy consumption, and low gas emission. , Till now, the utilization of spent LIBs to prepare low-cost Li 4 SiO 4 sorbent has only been reported by our group very recently. , The dry method was used to recycle spent ternary LIBs to prepare Li 4 SiO 4 sorbent, and its CO 2 adsorption capacity was stabilized at 0.19 g/g after 80 cycles at 15 vol % CO 2 . Furthermore, we adopted the wet method to recycle spent LiFePO 4 batteries with three leaching solutions of H 2 SO 4 + H 2 O 2 , Na 2 S 2 O 8, and CH 3 COOH + H 2 O 2 , and then synthesized Li 4 SiO 4 sorbents .…”

A systematic review of efficient recycling for the cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries: process intensification technologies beyond traditional methods

“…155,156 This approach improves material performance by intensifying the solid solution solute to increase the value of these materials. 157,158 The recovered products have applications in various fields, including electrochemical materials (button cell materials, 159 supercapacitor materials, 160 and sodium-ion materials 161 ), adsorbents, 162,163 catalytic materials 164–166 (photocatalysis and electrocatalysis), additives, 167 and more (Fig. 11).…”

Facile and sustainable recovery of spent LiFePO4 battery cathode materials in a Ca(ClO)2 system

“…1,2 Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) battery cathode materials are considered to be one of the main choices for lithium-ion batteries in new energy electric vehicles because of their low cost, high energy density, good reversibility, and stable thermodynamic properties. 3–5 The manufacturing capacity of LiFePO 4 battery cathode materials has been increasing in tandem with the rise in the electric vehicle market demand and the ongoing enhancement of lithium-ion battery electrode material performance. 6,7 According to the 2023 white paper published by EV Tank, China Battery Industry Research Institute and China YiWei Institute of Economics, active materials for LiFePO 4 battery cathode materials in China accounted for 58.65% of the lithium battery market share in 2022.…”