Red Clover

Fergus, E.N.; Hollowell, E. A.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60087-5

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…in general, the significance of differences was negatively affected by high variability between the repetitions. Fergus and Hollowell (1960) present records about red clover stands aged nine and even more years; the heritability of persistence is probably not so high, because if the seed from these stands Marley et al (2003), the limited persistence of red clover is contributed to by unfavorable conditions of the environment, agricultural technology and diseases. a progressive decline in annual DM production with age is typical of clover swards, even in the absence of pests and diseases, due to natural decline in plant populations (Frame et al 1998 assessing the decrease of plants on our experimental plots, we found a positive correlation (r = 0.85) between the number of dead plants and the number of plants in the first year after sowing.…”

Section: Persistencementioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of provenance and ploidity of red clover varieties on productivity, persistence and growth pattern in mixture with grasses

Hejduk¹,

Knot²

2010

Plant Soil Environ.

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111red clover was introduced in the European agriculture approximately 1000 years ago in andalusia, Spain and from there, its cultivation spread to other countries (Kjaergaard 2003). in the territory of the Czech republic, the red clover has been intentionally grown already for 280 years (seed purchase was first mentioned to occur in 1730) and its contribution to the intensification of cattle rearing and production of cereals has been significant (lom 1937). Before the discovery of synthetic production of nitrogen from the atmosphere in 1909 by German chemist Fritz Haber, the main source of nitrogen for agricultural crops was symbiotic fixation of red clover and other legumes. The production of synthetic n fertilizers markedly increased after World War ii, which resulted in a rapid shrinkage of red clover cropland in Europe and north america (taylor 2008). The size of clover crop fields continues to diminish on a global scale. according to rochon et al. (2004), the size of clover crop fields in Europe lessened from 9.5 million ha in 1980 to 6.0 million ha in 2000.at the present time, we can see a certain increase of interest in growing forage legumes including red clover because of increasing energy costs and deteriorating environmental effects of synthetic nitrogen use. another reason for the greater interest in clover crops is an increasing significance of organic farming and increased price of protein concentrates after prohibition of meat-bone meals in feeding animals.red clover is the most important clover crop on moist, less fertile and acidic soils while alfalfa predominates in drier regions on deep soils with neutral reaction. although the forage of alfalfa contains more crude protein as compared with red clover, the advantage of red clover is the presence of enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPo), which improves protein efficiency during digestion of ruminants (Sulivan and Hatfield 2006) and suppresses proteolysis during forage ensiling (Pahlow 2003). red clover is suitable in mixtures with grasses that enhance ensiling capacity and reduce damage to Effect of provenance and ploidity of red clover varieties on productivity, persistence and growth pattern in mixture with grasses S. Hejduk, P. Knot Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech RepublicAbStrAct in temporary and permanent grasslands, red clover distinctly increases herbage quality and production at low fertilization requirements. Main disadvantage of this species is its insufficient persistence. There are considerable differences in persistence among varieties, which are connected with different adaptability and disease resistance. in this experiment, we assessed the production of dry forage, number of plants and growth differences in eight tetraploid and fourteen diploid varieties grown in mixture with grasses. The highest production of forage for both harvest years was achieved by Czech varieties Spurt and amos and by Swiss variety Milvus. The lowest forage production was recorded in both years in Sw...

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Section: Persistencementioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of provenance and ploidity of red clover varieties on productivity, persistence and growth pattern in mixture with grasses

Hejduk¹,

Knot²

2010

Plant Soil Environ.

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“…Tap roots increase plant resilience, reducing dehydration under drought conditions [51]. Red clover's taproot typically grows to a depth of one meter but can reach up to three meters in light, well-drained soils [52].…”

Section: Main Crop Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Usage in the Corn–Soy–Wheat Rotation

2015

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Abstract:A common agronomic recommendation is under-seeding red clover to wheat in the corn-soy-wheat rotation. As a leguminous cover crop, red clover boosts agro-ecological resilience and productivity through nitrogen fixation, as well as non-nitrogen-related contributions, such as soil temperature and moisture regulation; reduction of erosion, runoff, and leaching; weed suppression; and interruption of pest and disease cycles. The objective of this paper is to propose a system that extends red clover usage into the corn phase of the corn-soy-wheat rotation as a living mulch. The system incorporates strip-tillage, strip-mowing, as well as banded herbicide and fertilizer application in order to maximize productivity and minimize competition. We analyzed the feasibility of this proposal by examining red clover's adequacy for the proposed system in comparison with other broadleaf, leguminous cover crops, and assessed potential agro-ecological benefits. We considered logistical components of the proposition, including the use of strip-tillage, the application of precision technology, as well as the opportunity for further technological developments. We found that the proposed system has potential to increase agro-ecological sustainability, resilience, and the overall productivity of this three-year rotation. Thus, this easily-implemented practice should be formally studied. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 15488

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“…Trifolium pratense L. is an important forage legume in many countries, as it produces large quantities of highquality forage for grazing animals 2,4,16,17 . In Japan, when sown with forage grasses, it is used for hay and pasture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has long been recognized that the usefulness of T. pratense may be reduced because of the lack of persistence. Though the species is physiologically a perennial, it usually behaves as a short-lived perennial, a biennial, or an annual depending on the field conditions 4 . Hence its seeds must be sown every several years for permanent use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large number of investigations have been conducted on the process and cause of internal breakdown of the crown of T. pratense 1,3,5,8,9,[11][12][13]18 . Plant breeding has improved the persistence of T. pratense through the selection of cultivars with disease, nematode and insect resistance 4,17 . However, there are few studies on the demography of T. pratense in permanent grasslands, including the importance of reproduction and seedling regeneration in its persistence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seedling Appearance, Survival and Flowering of <i>Trifolium pratense </i>in a Cutting Meadow

Sakanoue

2002

JARQ

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Seedling appearance, survival and flowering of Trifolium pratense from naturally deposited seeds in meadow soil layers were monitored over a period of 8 years in a meadow for herbage cutting (hereafter referred to as "cutting meadow") in the central mountainous district of Japan. In the meadow, Phleum pratense predominated and herbage had been harvested for making hay or silage in early June and late August of a year since the establishment of the meadow in 1966. T. pratense seedlings appeared from March to May (namely spring cohort) and from September to November (namely autumn cohort) every year. Estimated seedling density ranged yearly from 18 to 1,215 seedlings/m 2 in the spring cohorts and from 1 to 245 seedlings/m 2 in the autumn cohorts, with an average of 199 and 86 seedlings/m 2 , respectively. Half-life ranged yearly from 4 to 63 days for the spring cohorts and from 33 to 248 days for the autumn cohorts, with an average of 42 and 135 days, respectively. Of the 13,485 seedlings marked, no individuals survived for more than 4 years. Most of the individuals undergoing flowering (hereafter referred to as "flowering individuals") originated from the autumn cohorts. Thirty-two percent of the survivors began to flower in the first summer after their appearance. Ratio of flowering individuals to survivors rose to 81% in the second summer and fell to 50% in the third summer. It was suggested that during mechanical operations for harvesting in late August, T. pratense seeds were dropped and that the lack of third harvesting prolonged the half-life of the autumn cohorts which had succeeded in reproducing in this meadow.

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Red Clover

Cited by 39 publications

References 88 publications

Effect of provenance and ploidity of red clover varieties on productivity, persistence and growth pattern in mixture with grasses

Effect of provenance and ploidity of red clover varieties on productivity, persistence and growth pattern in mixture with grasses

Expanding Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Usage in the Corn–Soy–Wheat Rotation

Seedling Appearance, Survival and Flowering of <i>Trifolium pratense </i>in a Cutting Meadow

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