Red meat consumption and risk factors for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Sanders, Lisa; Wilcox, Meredith; Maki, Kevin C.

doi:10.1038/s41430-022-01150-1

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Regarding the number of meals per week, the present study showed no statistically significant association with HbA1c level. This finding is in line with a study done by Sanders, Wilcox & Maki (2022), despite other studies carried out by Sucher et al, (2017) highlighting positive relations. Other observational data also contradicted the study findings, suggesting a positive association (Johnson et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association Between Nutritional Habits and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abdelaziz

Abdo²,

Llatif³

2022

MJN

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Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is one of the top 10 causes of mortality worldwide, and poor eating habits may lead to an uncontrolled level of HbA1c. A cross-sectional descriptive correlational design was utilized. A convenient sample of 143 adult patients was utilized. The tools used were (a) structured interview questionnaire, (b) Health assessment and lifestyle questionnaire, and (c) Nutritional habits questionnaire. The mean age of the study sample was (47.39±11.53 years) with the mean level of HbA1c (8.05 ±1.45). HbA1c level was positively correlated with the nutritional habits score (r=0.343**; P= 0.000). A significant relationship was found between levels of HbA1c and eating fruits and vegetables. Monthly income is significantly associated with nutritional habits. To promote and improve nutritional habits, regular meetings in clinical settings should be held by an interdisciplinary care team including nurses and dieticians to provide assessment, follow-up, and nutritional advice for T2D patients. Replication of the study in different geographical areas is recommended.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association Between Nutritional Habits and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abdelaziz

Abdo²,

Llatif³

2022

MJN

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“…Epidemiological studies carried out in diverse populations indicate that the consumption of meat including red meat is related to an increased risk of developing T2D [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Conversely, pooled results from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 RCTs reported no significant impact of red meat intake on various glycaemic indices (i.e., insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glycated haemoglobin, pancreatic beta-cell function or glucagon-like peptide-1) [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decreased insulin sensitivity can be directly linked to IGT which the World Health Organization (WHO) identifies as a major risk factor for developing T2D [ 48 ]. It has also been argued that increased consumption of SFA may contribute to higher body weight and increased BMI, also significant risk factors for DM [ 31 , 44 , 47 , 48 ]. In the current study, regular meat eaters had a higher body weight, BMI, and waist circumference than all PBD groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Dietary Patterns versus Meat Consumption and Prevalence of Impaired Glucose Intolerance and Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study in Australian Women

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to compare the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) among Australian women following plant-based diets (PBD) compared to regular meat eaters. A cross sectional analysis of the mid-aged cohort (1946–1951) of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health was conducted on completers of Survey 7 in 2013 with complete FFQ data available (n = 9102). Dietary patterns were categorized as PBD (vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian, semi-vegetarian) and regular meat eaters. Meat eaters were further categorized into high and low consumption and outcomes included self-reported prevalence of IGT and DM. Participants were identified as regular meat eaters (n = 8937) and PBD (n = 175). Prevalence of IGT was lower in PBD (0–1.2%) compared to regular meat eaters (9.1%). Consolidation of PBD to a single group (vegetarians) indicated a lower prevalence of DM in vegetarians compared to regular meat eaters (3.9% vs. 9.1%). Women consuming meat daily/multiple times per day had significantly higher odds of IGT (OR 1.5, 95%CI 1.1 to 2.1, p = 0.02). Individuals consuming processed meat daily/multiple times per day had significantly higher odds of DM compared to those consuming less than daily (Odds ratio (OR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3 to 2.3, p < 0.0001). After adjustment for covariates, statistical significance was lost largely due to the addition of BMI to the model. Prevalence of IGT and DM were lower in women following PBD and higher in high consumers of meat and processed meat. The relationship between meat consumption and IGT/diabetes status appears to be mediated, at least in part, by an increase in body mass index (BMI). Future studies are warranted to investigate the mechanisms and other lifestyle factors underpinning the association between high meat consumption and increased risk of IGT and DM.

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“…On the production side, more sustainable agrifood systems can produce more diverse and nutritionally balanced foods, and if poultry (white meat) replaces the red meat that is widely consumed around the world, it will help reduce the risk of many diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, and premature death. 26,27 Many dietary guidelines recommend reducing red meat intake and increasing healthy alternatives, such as white meat, to compensate for potential key nutrients. 28 However, changes in the dietary structure of Chinese residents have also exacerbated environmental problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming agrifood systems in a win–win for health and environment: evidence from organic rice–duck coculture

Gao

Dai

et al. 2022

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Rice–duck coculture is an ecological agricultural mode; however, the nutritional and environmental benefits of transforming from conventional rice monoculture to rice–duck coculture are unknown. Based on survey data and the life‐cycle assessment approach, this study conducted a carbon footprint evaluation of conventional rice monoculture (CR), organic rice monoculture (OR), and organic rice–duck coculture (ORD) using different functional units. RESULTS The carbon footprint per hectare of ORD (7842 ± 284 kg CO2eq ha−1) was slightly lower than that of CR (7905 ± 412 kg CO2eq ha−1), while higher than that of OR (7786 ± 235 kg CO2eq ha−1). Although the rice yield of ORD was slightly lower than that of CR, its nutrient density unit (NDU) did not decrease significantly due to the additional duck yield. Thus, the carbon footprint per NDU of ORD was significantly lower than that of OR by 24.3% (P < 0.05) and was 5.8% higher than that of CR, but this was not statistically significant. Due to the higher economic profits of ORD, its unit of carbon footprint per economic profit was significantly reduced (by 47.1–75.7%) compared with the other two farming modes, while the net ecosystem economic budget was significantly increased by 98.5–341.9% (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Transforming from a rice monoculture to a coculture system will contribute to a win–win situation for human health and environmental sustainability. This study highlighted the abundant nutritional output function of the rice–duck coculture and analyzed the urgency and necessity of transitioning from traditional agriculture to ecological agriculture from the production and consumption perspectives. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Red meat consumption and risk factors for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 31 publications

References 50 publications

Association Between Nutritional Habits and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Association Between Nutritional Habits and Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Plant-Based Dietary Patterns versus Meat Consumption and Prevalence of Impaired Glucose Intolerance and Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study in Australian Women

Transforming agrifood systems in a win–win for health and environment: evidence from organic rice–duck coculture

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