REDD+ initiatives for safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services: harmonizing sets of standards for national application

Ehara, Makoto; Hyakumura, Kimihiko; Yokota, Yozo

doi:10.1007/s10310-013-0429-7

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, uniform international standard MRV methods for biodiversity under REDD+ have not been established yet (Ehara et al, 2013;Gardner et al, 2012;Roe et al, 2013;Waldon et al, 2011). The main reason is that so far no reliable single metric of biodiversity exists, unlike for carbon stocks where metric tons of carbon per hectare is commonly used (CBD, 2014;IPCC, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

REALU vs. REDD+: Carbon and biodiversity in the Afromontane landscapes of SW Ethiopia

Vanderhaegen

Verbist

Hundera

et al. 2015

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

REALU vs. REDD+: Carbon and biodiversity in the Afromontane landscapes of SW Ethiopia

Vanderhaegen

Verbist

Hundera

et al. 2015

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…The Khmu were found to be most affected to REDD plus implementation because lacking in almost every aspect of capability relating to livelihood maintenance and formulating and implementing forest management plans at the level of the village community. It is inappropriate manner to just impose the restriction by top down like conventional policy and measures in a view of safeguards (Ehara et al, 2014). Therefore, when initiating stakeholder consultations with local communities, supports should be made available for vulnerable groups such as the Khmu.…”

Section: Differences In Each Group's Consciousness Of Decision Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapted REDD plus Based on Local People’s Capabilities: A Case Study from Luang Prabang Province, Lao PDR

Iwadare¹,

Hiratsuka²

2017

OJF

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The reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD plus) has been proposed as a key tool for reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) from deforestation and forest degradation in land use sector. The development of a REDD plus that considers national, sub-national, and/or local circumstances in relation to a target area requires an analysis of site-specific deforestation drivers and land use characteristics. This study aimed to analyze the capability of forest-dependent people to find the way for reducing pressures on forest resources, i.e. reducing shifting cultivation and identified their patterns of land and forest use, as this knowledge is essential for developing a REDD plus for land and forest management for an area. The study target area was Luang Prabang Province in the northern part of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). We conducted questionnaire-based surveys and participatory workshops to identify the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation as well as current local capabilities. Our findings, which focused on the characteristics of ethnic groups (Khmu and Hmong) and the agricultural techniques used by villagers, revealed significant differences between upland rice farmers without paddy fields and farmers with paddy fields who cultivated upland rice in terms of their capabilities to maintain livelihoods. The results of a discriminant function analysis indicated that 66.7% of the initially categorized respondents were correctly classified for the variable Khmu or Hmong and 82.1% classified for the variable upland rice farmers with paddy or upland rice farmers without paddy. The results indicated a lower capability to transition to alternative livelihoods among farmers relying on upland cultivation (i.e. shifting cultivation) than among farmers who cultivate paddy. Moreover, the study revealed the importance of applying a capability approach when planning REDD plus in Lao PDR that account for differential capabilities attributed to ethnicity or other vulnerable group statuses.

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“…The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) conference at Cancun aligned these considerations as social safeguards [5]. Adopting these measures provides social safeguards, especially in rural areas [6,7]. This is critically important where livelihoods are dependent on forest resources [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptance of New Land-Use Activities by Hmong and Khmu Ethnic Groups: A Case Study in Northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Kobayashi

Bounithiphonh

Sichanthongthip

et al. 2021

Forests

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Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) to address climate change has historically included little evaluation of how heterogeneous local communities respond to REDD+ interventions and new land-use activities. We assessed differences in the acceptance of new land-use activities as a function of livelihoods of the Hmong and Khmu ethnic groups in northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic, where REDD+ was implemented between 2011 and 2018. Our socioeconomic data, collected by a questionnaire-based survey and focal group discussions, showed that the Hmong more effectively incorporated support from REDD+ than the Khmu because the Hmong owned grazing land. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding the capabilities and characteristics of each ethnic group when implementing new land-use activities (i.e., designing and implementing alternative livelihoods) within a target area to ensure distributional equity in heterogeneous communities. Such a consideration should be included in land-use policy and also be a part of the social safeguards in the land-use sector.

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REDD+ initiatives for safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystem services: harmonizing sets of standards for national application

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

REALU vs. REDD+: Carbon and biodiversity in the Afromontane landscapes of SW Ethiopia

REALU vs. REDD+: Carbon and biodiversity in the Afromontane landscapes of SW Ethiopia

Adapted REDD plus Based on Local People’s Capabilities: A Case Study from Luang Prabang Province, Lao PDR

Acceptance of New Land-Use Activities by Hmong and Khmu Ethnic Groups: A Case Study in Northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic

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