Redefining Education Regimes and Reform

Gittell, Marilyn; McKenna, Laura

doi:10.1177/0042085999343002

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Many studies find that as the chief executive, voters “look to governors to lead their states, credit them with any successes and hold them accountable for most failures” (Kousser & Phillips, , p. 1). Research has shown that governors are held accountable for general goals, such as economic development and economic performance (Atkeson & Partin, ; Cohen & King, ), as well as major policy innovations such as welfare reform (Haskins, ; Katz, ) and education reform (Gittell & McKenna, ; Perna & Finney, ). We expect this to be just as true for the decision to expand Medicaid, which represents one of the most salient policy decisions made at the state level in recent years.…”

Section: Theorizing the Link Between Medicaid Expansion And Gubernatomentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicaid Expansion and the Political Fate of the Governors Who Support It

Fording¹,

Patton²

2019

Policy Studies Journal

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We provide evidence regarding potential policy feedback effects of healthcare reform by estimating the effect of Medicaid expansion on public support for the state actor most closely associated with responsibility for the expansion decision—the governor. The discretion granted to state governments concerning Medicaid expansion has created the potential for significant variation in mass feedback effects across the states. We are particularly interested in how these effects are influenced by the emerging racial polarization over healthcare policy, and how this may lead to different types of feedback effects that align with partisan, ideological, and racial cleavages. We estimate the impact of Medicaid expansion on gubernatorial approval, utilizing five waves of the Cooperative Congressional Election Study (2008–16). We find that on average, expansion led to a modest, yet statistically significant increase in gubernatorial approval. However, there is important variation both within and across states in the effect of expansion. Specifically, we find that governors were more likely to be rewarded for expansion by those who supported President Obama, and those who resided in states where the Medicaid recipient population is more likely to be white.

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Section: Theorizing the Link Between Medicaid Expansion And Gubernatomentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicaid Expansion and the Political Fate of the Governors Who Support It

Fording¹,

Patton²

2019

Policy Studies Journal

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“…Culture involves values and beliefs that persist over very long periods and are more enduring than the political mood or regime (Gittell and McKenna 1999;Kingdon 1984;Manzer 2003). Both political cultures and regimes support or restrict policy choices that may be invented or adopted by policy entrepreneurs.…”

Section: Studies Of State Education Policy Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

State Education Policy Formation: The Case of Arizona’s English Language Learner Legislation

Lawton

2012

American Journal of Education

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“…Scholars contend that governors and state legislatures steer but fail to ultimately decide urban education policy (Gittell & McKenna, 1999). They argue that state governments lack the capacity to implement education policy and they claim that local school districts determine education policy (Turnbull, 1984;Firestone, 1984).…”

Section: Urban Education Regimes and State Governmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It argues that local players place the final imprint upon, and ultimately determine, urban education policy (Gittell & McKenna, 1999;Stone, 1998b). For example, Hochschild and Danielson (1998) and McDermott (1999) found that local forces successfully resisted state government's efforts to desegregate school districts in Yonkers, New York, and New Haven, Connecticut.…”

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confidence: 99%

Regime Theory, State Government, and a Takeover of Urban Education

Burns

2003

Journal of Urban Affairs

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State government possesses the resources and authority to directly shape urban education policy but regime theorists understate the roles governors, state legislatures, and other state actors play as members of urban education regimes. This article examines the state takeover of schools in Newark, New Jersey to demonstrate why and how a state government leads an urban education regime. The Newark case illustrates how politics and structural conditions motivated state government to change the nature of the education regime and directly shape education policy at the local level. It highlights the role state government played in reshaping an educator-centered coalition that operated a poorly performing school district. Despite the existence of a new regime, Newark students' achievement scores have not significantly improved, and in some instances they have declined under the state-led regime. This article encourages scholars of city politics to continue to investigate state government's role in urban governing coalitions because state political players maintain the capacity and motivation to join urban regimes.Most regime theorists focus upon how local actors affect changes to education policy when they examine urban education reform. By concentrating primarily upon the effect of local interests on urban education, many regime theorists understate state government's direct influence on education reform. Regime theory does not specifically include governors, state legislatures, state departments of education, and other state-level actors as education regime members, and this oversight represents a gap in our understanding of urban governance and education reform in cities. In this article, I use an examination of New Jersey's takeover of the Newark school system to demonstrate why and how a state government can join an urban education regime. The Newark case illustrates how politics and structural conditions encouraged New Jersey's state government to change the nature of the education regime and shape education policy at the local level. It highlights the role state government played in reshaping an educator-centered coalition that operated a poorly performing school district. This work also adds to the state takeover literature, which emphasizes the importance of the structural factors but overlooks the role politics plays in state interventions.

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Redefining Education Regimes and Reform

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Medicaid Expansion and the Political Fate of the Governors Who Support It

Medicaid Expansion and the Political Fate of the Governors Who Support It

State Education Policy Formation: The Case of Arizona’s English Language Learner Legislation

Regime Theory, State Government, and a Takeover of Urban Education

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