Redefining Residential: Ensuring Competent Residential Interventions for Youth with Diverse Gender and Sexual Identities and Expressions

After coming out: Parental acceptance of young lesbian and gay people

“…Savin-Williams' (1990) survey findings were the first to suggest that most parents, approximately 70% to 75%, showed varying degrees of acceptance. 4 Successive studies, such as Glick et al (2016), Mena and Vaccaro (2013), and Weingarden et al (2011), align more with this view than with the idea that reactions are binary. Qualitative gradations can demonstrate degrees of acceptance.…”

“…In contrast, acceptance and affirmation may aid in positive lesbian/gay identity formation (Elizur & Mintzer, , ), involve families as advocates in lesbian and gay social movements, enhance educational outcomes for young lesbian and gay people (Mehus, Watson, Eisenberg, Corliss, & Porta, ), and promote lesbian/gay friendliness in schools (Brandon‐Friedman & Kim, ; van Bergen & Spiegel, ). Families with accepting attitudes may also avert young lesbian and gay people's suicidal ideations or substance abuse (Bebes et al, ; Becker & Todd, ; Carastathis et al, ; Glick, Krishnan, Fisher, Lieberman, & Sisson, ; Lee, Oliffe, Kelly, & Ferlatte, ; McManama O'Brien, Putney, Hebert, Falk, & Aguinaldo, ; Mitrani et al, ; Shilo & Savaya, ; Skerrett, Kõlves, & De Leo, ; Willoughby, Doty, & Malik, ). Accepting families may improve young lesbian and gay people's psychological and sexual health and encourage them to adopt safer sexual practices (Brashers, Neidig, & Goldsmith, ; Folch et al, ; Deuba et al, ; LaSala, Fedor, Revere, & Carney, ; Lee et al, ).…”

After Coming Out: Parental Acceptance of Young Lesbian and Gay People

“…Savin-Williams' survey findings (1990) were the first to suggest that most parents, approximately 70 to 75 percent, showed varying degrees of acceptance. 4 Successive studies, such as Glick et al, (2016) Arranged in this manner, the themes portray a gradient of lesser to greater acceptance, creating an "acceptance continuum." Examination of the forms and degrees of acceptance/rejection suggest that, when homonegativity and parental love combine, parental attitudes can be more complex than simple acceptance or rejection.…”

“…In contrast, acceptance and affirmation may aid in positive lesbian/ gay identity formation (Elizur & Mintzer, 2001;, involve families as advocates in lesbian and gay social movements, enhance educational outcomes for young lesbian and gay people (Mehus, Watson, Eisenberg, Corliss, & Porta, 2017), and promote lesbian/gay-friendliness in schools (Brandon-Friedman & Kim, 2016;van Bergen & Spiegel, 2014). Families with accepting attitudes may also avert young lesbian and gay people's suicidal ideations or substance abuse (Bebes et al, 2015;Becker & Todd, 2015;Carastathis, 2017;Glick, Krishnan, Fisher, Lieberman, & Sisson, 2016;Lee, Oliffe, Kelly, & Ferlatte, 2017;McManama et al, 2016;Mitrani et al, 2017;Shilo & Savaya, 2011;Skerrett, Kõlves, & De Leo, 2016;Willoughby, Doty, & Malik, 2008). Accepting families may improve young lesbian and gay people's psychological and sexual health and encourage them to adopt safer sexual practices (Brashers, Neidig, & Goldsmith, 2010;Folch, 2006;Deuba, 2013;LaSala, Fedor, Revere, & Carney, 2016;Lee et al, 2017).…”

“St. Mary’s Is Gay-Town”: Girls’ Perceptions of Same-Sex Sexual Behavior in Juvenile Residential Treatment

“…However, as seen above, PREA's rules can result in criminalization of youths' activities (Pasko, 2010), potentially increasing the juvenile justice system's reach over them (Majd et al, 2009), and simultaneously causing a reduction in staff's abilities to redirect behavior, instead forcing them to pursue formal punishments within the facility at a minimum (Holsinger & Hodge, 2016;Pasko, 2010). And, based on findings from these very recent studies of staff in juvenile facilities, the environment remains less than friendly to LGB youth or those who engage in same-sex romantic or sexual behaviors (Glick, Krishnan, Fisher, Lieberman, & Sisson, 2016).…”