Redefining the requirement for total sulfur amino acids in the diet of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) including assessment of the cystine replacement value

Poppi, Dennis P.; Moore, S. S.; Glencross, Brett

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.01.009

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The response of fish to variable Tau was investigated at a level of TSAA close to the optimal requirement reported in Poppi et al. () (17.1–20.2 g/kg DM). The diets were formulated to contain a level of TSAA marginally below the upper end of the requirement range; however, analysed values for both Met and Cys, while consistent across diets, were lower than expected, most likely due to variation in ingredient compositions between that used in our formulation model (based on a database of compositions of previous batches of ingredients used in our laboratory) and that of the batch used to produce the diets in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A series of five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated (Table 1) to assess the quantitative requirement for dietary Tau by juvenile barramundi. These diets contained varying levels of dietary Tau inclusion between one and 15 g/kg DM, based around an assumed adequate level of 4 g/kg DM derived from the proportion of Tau to lysine in the barramundi carcass profile of Glencross, Wade, and Morton (2013) and Glencross (unpublished carcass Tau content data), and with an adequate level of dietary Met/TSAA (13 g/kg DM Met; 18 g/kg DM TSAA), according to Poppi et al (2017). While, in hindsight, this method of estimating Tau adequacy may not be strictly appropriate for a non-proteinogenic amino acid, this level of Tau inclusion is similar to those reported as optimal for several other fish species (Salze & Davis, 2015).…”

Section: Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of taurine supplementation to a plant-based diet for barramundi (Lates calcarifer) with varying methionine content

2018

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The effect of variable taurine inclusion (Tau) (1 g/kg DM to 15 g/kg DM) in the diet of juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer) on growth and nutrient utilization was investigated at three levels of dietary methionine (Met) supplementation. Diets were fed to juvenile barramundi (starting weight: 26.8 g) twice daily under a restricted pair‐fed regime for a period of 42 days. No significant effect of dietary Tau supply on growth or nutrient utilization was observed at any level of Met inclusion. Numerical variations suggested a positive effect of Tau provision at the mid‐level of supplementation (6–8 g/kg DM). The best‐fit response model (5‐SKM), fitted to the percentage body weight gain data of fish fed diets with an adequate level of Met, suggested a relatively weak pattern of response (R2 = 0.183) and predicted a Tau requirement of 5.47 g/kg DM (9.64 g/kg CP) similar to that reported for several other species. It was concluded that taurine appears to be conditionally essential to barramundi, whereby provision in the diet when sulphur amino acid supply is insufficient to meet biosynthetic demands may be beneficial, but that the predicted requirement is likely reasonably accurate for use as a minimum level of inclusion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of taurine supplementation to a plant-based diet for barramundi (Lates calcarifer) with varying methionine content

2018

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“…This could also explain the differences in the pattern of response in the rate of Met gain to increasing digestible Met intake between the LPCM and FML diets in this study, despite the fact that they both contained dietary Met levels well in excess of the requirement according Poppi et al. (). The Met‐supplemented LPC diet in this study (Diet LPCM) contained a dietary Met level of 23.7 g/kg DM (4.12% of protein), more than twice the Met‐specific requirement, yet fish in this treatment did not perform as well as those in the FML treatment, which had a dietary Met content of only 18.2 g/kg DM (although this is also well above the requirement).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…This has the combined effect of more effectively binding the amino acids in the dietary matrix, thus preventing their premature loss, as well as requiring more prolonged digestion, thereby slowing the passage of the amino acid through the digestive system and ensuring absorption of these nutrients occurs in parallel with those derived from the hydrolysis of whole proteins in the stomach. This could also explain the differences in the pattern of response in the rate of Met gain to increasing digestible Met intake between the LPCM and FML diets in this study, despite the fact that they both contained dietary Met levels well in excess of the requirement according Poppi et al (2017). The Metsupplemented LPC diet in this study (Diet LPCM) contained a dietary Met level of 23.7 g/kg DM (4.12% of protein), more than twice the Met-specific requirement, yet fish in this treatment did not perform as well as those in the FML treatment, which had a dietary Met content of only 18.2 g/kg DM (although this is also well above the requirement).…”

Section: Methionine Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 78%

Partial utilization efficiencies of protein and methionine by barramundi (Lates calcarifer) in response to dietary methionine source and form

Poppi

Glencross

2018

Aquac Res

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An experiment was conducted with barramundi (Lates calcarifer) juveniles (initial weight 10.3 g ± 0.3 g) to examine the partial efficiency of utilization of methionine (Met) from intact protein (fishmeal or lupin protein concentrate) and a crystalline DL‐Met source. Fish were fed at one of three ration levels: Low (0.4 g/fish/day), Moderate (0.8 g/fish/day) and High (1.6 g/fish/day). Those fed the fishmeal‐based diet (Diet FML) at the highest ration level grew to an average weight of 37.3 ± 0.46 g, whereas those fed the Lupin Protein Concentrate (LPC)‐based diet fortified with all EAA (Diet LPCM) at the highest ration level grew to 25.4 ± 2.27 g. The weight of the fish fed the LPC diet with no additional Met (Diet LPC) even at the highest ration level declined over the course of the experiment resulting in a final weight of 9.2 ± 0.88 g, clearly demonstrating the impact of dietary Met deficiency. The partial efficiency of protein utilization was also significantly reduced when Met was limiting (a coefficient of 0.06, compared to 0.39 in the Met‐supplemented LPC diet). The results suggested that the partial efficiencies (coefficients) of both Met and protein utilization in diets where crystalline Met is the primary source of Met (Diet LPCM: 0.26 and 0.39 respectively) were significantly poorer than from an intact protein source (Diet FML: 0.89 and 0.67 respectively) when Met is provided in excess.

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“…In general, methionine and cysteine requirements are considered together. If cysteine could successfully replace methionine, then the dietary levels of the latter could be reduced (Farhat & Khan, ; Poppi, Moore, & Glencross, ). In the present study, it was inferred that the methionine levels in the feed were adequate based on the observation made when there was an increase in the levels of tissue cysteine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of gross protein and lipid requirements in formulated feed for honey gourami, Trichogaster chuna (Hamilton 1822)

Sukumaran

Vijayagopal

Chakraborty

et al. 2018

J World Aquaculture Soc

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Gross protein and fat requirements in formulated feeds designed for the honey gourami, Trichogaster chuna (initial weight 1.34–1.38 g), were investigated. Feeds containing 30%, 40%, and 50% protein and 6% and 9% lipid at each protein level were tested. Protein and energy sources used were from fishmeal, shrimp meal, clam meal, soy flour, and wheat flour. An equal mixture of crude sardine oil and groundnut oil was used as the source of lipids. Comparison of the whole gourami amino acid profiles before and after the dietary treatments indicated a relative decline in all amino acids except methionine and lysine. Fatty acid profiles of whole individuals after dietary treatment showed a substantial increase in monounsaturated fatty acids relative to the initial fatty acid profiles. No significant differences were observed in fish growth between dietary treatments (p > .05). Feeds containing 30% protein and 6% lipid were found to be adequate for normal growth, while feeds with 40% protein and 6% lipid were seen to help accelerate growth and reproduction. In this study, protein and lipid levels required for regular maintenance, sexual maturation, and spawning of aquarium‐reared gourami were established.

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Redefining the requirement for total sulfur amino acids in the diet of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) including assessment of the cystine replacement value

Cited by 23 publications

References 44 publications

The effect of taurine supplementation to a plant-based diet for barramundi (Lates calcarifer) with varying methionine content

The effect of taurine supplementation to a plant-based diet for barramundi (Lates calcarifer) with varying methionine content

Partial utilization efficiencies of protein and methionine by barramundi (Lates calcarifer) in response to dietary methionine source and form

Evaluation of gross protein and lipid requirements in formulated feed for honey gourami, Trichogaster chuna (Hamilton 1822)

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