Redefining the science-practice relationship and professional training.

Hoshmand, Lisa Tsoi; Polkinghorne, Donald E.

doi:10.1037/0003-066x.47.1.55

Cited by 224 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Although some people might raise an objection to reducing the scope of research to have time for PAR, if PAR practices result in substantially greater dissemination and utilization of research, a greater ultimate impact may be made in solving problems that families and other stakeholders face. One of the tremendous losses in the past has been the fiscal and personnel investment in research that has not at all been adequately disseminated and utilized to solve the real and frequent problems faced by families and other stakeholders (Bruyere, 1993;Carbine, 1997;Fuchs & Fuchs, 1990;Hoshmand & Polkinghorne, 1992;Kaufman, Schiller, Birman, & Coutinho, 1993;Lovitt & Higgins, 1996;Turnbull & Ruef, 1996).…”

Section: Addressing Logistical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory Action Research as a Model for Conducting Family Research

Turnbull

Friesen

Ramírez

1998

Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps

111

104

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We discuss a participatory action research (PAR) DESCRIPTORS: participatory action research, participatory research, action research, family, disability Participatory action research (PAR) is one means of addressing the gap between researchers and the intended beneficiaries of research (McTaggart, 1991;Whyte, 1991). Participatory action research refers to a process whereby the researchers and stakeholders (those who potentially benefit from research results) collaborate in the design and conduct of all phases (e.g., specification of questions, design, data collection, data analysis, dissemination, utilization) of the research process. PAR's ultimate goal is taking action to solve the problem that is at the basis of the research (Graves, 1991;McTaggart, 1991;Whitney-Thomas, 1997). PAR is a collaborative approach to conducting research-not a discrete research methodology. _______________________________________________Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to Ann P. Turnbull, Beach Center on Families and Disability, University of Kansas, 3111 Haworth Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045The National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) has taken a leadership role within the disability field by encouraging grantees to incorporate a PAR approach (Fenton, Batavia, & Roody, 1993;Graves, 1991). Our conceptualization of PAR has been strongly influenced by NIDRR's definition.Throughout the literature, many terms are used interchangeably with sometimes similar and other times conflicting definitions. These terms include participatory research, action research, participatory action research, constituency-oriented re-search and dissemination, emancipatory research, empowerment research, and discovery research. These terms all have a common focus on greater participation and influence of stakeholders in research than has traditionally characterized the research process. The approaches may differ, however, with respect to considerations such as how localized the research is to a specific context.In this paper, we address a PAR approach consistent with NIDRR's conceptualization of researchers and stakeholders collaborating through-out the entire research process. Our focus is on families as stakeholders of research. We focus on research that is aimed at studying family life and issues important for family support. We refer to this research as family research. We (a) discuss the advantages and challenges of PAR in family research, (b) propose a range of PAR levels, and (c) raise three issues warranting creative problem solving in enhancing PAR implementation related to family research.

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Section: Addressing Logistical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory Action Research as a Model for Conducting Family Research

Turnbull

Friesen

Ramírez

1998

Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps

111

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Consistent with the participatory action research model in which potential research beneficiaries collaborate to define the research agenda from the outset (Hoshmand & Polkinghorne, 1992;Lather, 1986;Turnbull, A. P., 1994;Whyte, Greenwood, & Lazes, 1991), we undertook this exploratory study to provide input to researchers on family priorities related to inclusive lifestyle issues so that researchers can take these priorities into account when planning and implementing research. From the larger database chat was gathered (Turnbull, A. P., & Ruef, in press), this article's primary research question is: What are family perspectives on inclusive lifestyle issues for people with problem behavior?…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Family Perspectives on Inclusive Lifestyle Issues for People with Problem Behavior

Turnbull

Ruef

1997

Exceptional Children

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“…While the traditional model is experimental, group-based, quantitatively focused, 1 This conclusion is in tune with a variety of other authors who have been arguing for the revival and development of the case study as a legitimate, even "scientific," research method for applied and professional psychology (Bromley, 1977(Bromley, , 1986 Edelson, 1988; Edwards, 1996 Edwards, , 1998Fishman & Peterson, 1987; Fishman, 1999a Fishman, , 2000aHoshmand & Polkinghorne, 1992;Klumpner and Frank, 1991;Levine, 1974;1980;Runyon, 1982; Sechrest, Stewart, Stickle, & Sidani, 1996;Spence, 1992Spence, , 1993Yin, 1989). Despite the fact that these authors have developed their views on the importance of case study research from diverse perspectives (including cognitive-behavioral, phenomenological, hermeneutic, psychoanalytic, life-history, community/systems, and experimental-developmental psychology), they have offered related rationales for restoring the case study to its former prominence as a vehicle for systematically reporting and evaluating clinical observations, exploring theory, and documenting advances in professional effectiveness.…”

Section: ____________________________________________________________mentioning

confidence: 77%

Editor's Introduction to PCSP - From Single Case to Database: A New Method for Enhancing Psychotherapy Practice

Fishman

2004

Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy

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This article sets forth a new model for knowledge generation in applied and professional psychology -the pragmatic case study (PCS) method. Drawing from both psychology's traditional/quantitative and alternative/qualitative approaches, the PCS method involves the creation of systematic, peer-reviewed case studies in psychotherapy (and in all other areas of applied psychology) that follow D. Peterson's "disciplined inquiry" epistemological model. The studies are designed to be organized into "journaldatabases," like Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy (PCSP), which combine (a) individual studies; (b) articles that address epistemological, theoretical, methodological, logistical, economic, political and ethical issues in the PCS method; and (c) substantive cross-case analyses of groups of individual cases already published in the database. To lay out the model's arguments, this article is divided into four major sections that consider, respectively: (1) a discussion of the relevant historical and philosophical context from which the PCS model emerges; (2) a proposal for an initial set of methodological guidelines for ensuring rigorous quality in each case study; (3) an illustrative application of the model to cognitive-behavioral efficacy research; and (4) an exploration of the implications of the model. Throughout, the emphasis is upon creating an integrative, pragmatic alternative for gaining new useful knowledge in our discipline.Key words: case study method; pragmatic case studies; cognitive-behavior therapy; efficacy research; disciplined inquiry; applied psychology; online journals ______________________________________________________________________The basic unit of psychological practice is the case -be it an individual, a group, an organization, or a community. When a practitioner (or practitioner team) works with a case, he or she deals with the case holistically, looking in context at the problems, goals, situations, events, procedures, interactions, and outcomes associated with the case. Why then does the case as such disappear when it comes to published research underlying psychological practice? Whatever happened to the systematic, pragmatically focused case study as a vehicle for meaningful, scholarly, empirically based, applied knowledge in our field? In my book, The Case for Pragmatic Psychology (Fishman, 1999a), I explore this question, employing historical, epistemological, methodological, technological, and practical perspectives on the field. I conclude that from all these perspectives, the time is right and the arguments persuasive for making the systematic case study an acceptable, published method for applied research.1 More specifically, I argue that the time is right for a new coordinated investment of applied research resources into conducting systematic, pragmatic case studies and publishing them in electronic "journal-databases" like PCSP containing both (a) peer reviewed case studies in all the arenas of applied psychology, and (b) discussions of the broader epistemologic...

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Redefining the science-practice relationship and professional training.

Cited by 224 publications

References 87 publications

Participatory Action Research as a Model for Conducting Family Research

Participatory Action Research as a Model for Conducting Family Research

Family Perspectives on Inclusive Lifestyle Issues for People with Problem Behavior

Editor's Introduction to PCSP - From Single Case to Database: A New Method for Enhancing Psychotherapy Practice

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