Redescription and phylogenetic reassessment of Asialepidotus shingyiensis (Holostei: Halecomorphi) from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of China

Xu, Guangcai; Ma, Xin-Ying

doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx105

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Neopterygii is a diverse group of ray-finned fishes, including Teleostei, Holostei (e.g. gars and bownfin), and closely related fossil taxa ( Regan, 1923 ; Brough, 1931 , 1939 ; Stensiö, 1932 ; Lehman, 1952 ; Schaeffer, 1956 ; Patterson, 1973 , 1982 ; Gardiner, Maisey & Littlewood, 1996 ; Grande & Bemis, 1998 ; Arratia, 1999 ; Sallan, 2014 ; Friedman, 2015 ; López-Arbarello & Sferco, 2018 ; Clarke & Friedman, 2018 ; Xu & Ma, 2018 ; Xu, 2019 ). Teleostei, the largest subgroup of neopterygians or even vertebrates today, has no fossil record until the late Ladinian (~240 Ma), late Middle Triassic ( Arratia, 2013 , 2015 ; Tintori et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feroxichthys yunnanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Colobodontidae, Neopterygii), a large durophagous predator from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Luoping Biota, eastern Yunnan, China

2020

PeerJ

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Neopterygii is a large group of ray-finned fishes which underwent a rapid radiation in the Middle Triassic. Until recently, 11 stem neopterygians have been recovered from the early Middle Triassic Luoping Biota in eastern Yunnan, China, and they are small to medium-sized fishes. Here, I report the discovery of a new stem neopterygian, Feroxichthys yunnanensis gen. et sp. nov. from the Luoping Biota, which represents the first evidence of large-sized stem neopteygians in this biota with a total length of ~340 mm (290 mm in standard length). The skull of the new taxon is exceptionally well-preserved, showing some peculiar features rarely known in other stem neopterygians, for example fusion of paired premaxillae, fusion of lacrimal with maxilla, and a fused parieto-dermopterotic with a strong posterior process. Phylogenetic studies recover Feroxichthys as a basal colobodontid, and a revised diagnosis of this family is presented. The feeding apparatus indicates that Feroxichthys might have been predominantly durophagous, resembling other colobodontids. However, the anterior peg-like teeth in the jaws of Feroxichthys are much longer and stronger than other colobodontids, enabling a more powerful initial prey capture before food was passed posteriorly to molariform teeth for crushing in the oral cavity. As a mysterious large durophagous predator previously unknown from the Luoping Biota, the new finding is important not only for understanding the early diversification of neopterygians during this age but also for investigating the trophic structure in this marine ecosystem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feroxichthys yunnanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Colobodontidae, Neopterygii), a large durophagous predator from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Luoping Biota, eastern Yunnan, China

2020

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“…Fuyuanichthys represents one of the smallest known holosteans in the Xingyi biota, with a maximum standard length (SL) of ∼75 mm. With regard to body size, it is similar to Sinoeugnathus (Su, 1959) and Subortichthys (Ma & Xu, 2017; SL = 72 mm) among the Middle Triassic holosteans, and significantly smaller than the contemporary halecomorph Asialepidotus (Xu & Ma, 2018; SL = 273 mm). In Luoping biota, halecomorphs have a maximum SL up to 360 mm ( Robustichthys , Xu, Gao & Finarelli, 2014), and ginglymodians ( Kyphosichthys , Xu & Wu, 2012; Sangiorgioichthys sui , López-Arbarello et al., 2011) are small-sized fishes with a SL of no more than 125 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Fuyuanichthys represents the first convincing record of Ginglymodi in the late Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of China. The previously alleged ginglymodian Asialepidotus from the same fossil beds has recently been revised as an ionoscopiform halecomorph (Xu & Ma, 2018). Jin (2006), in a review of Triassic fishes from China, identified three ginglymodians ( Eosemionotus sp., Archaeosemionotus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sangiorgioichthys sui (López-Arbarello et al., 2011) was not included either because it is currently being restudied based on new material. The characters were mainly adopted or modified from previous analyses of neopterygian phylogeny (Gardiner & Schaeffer, 1989; Gardiner, Maisey & Littlewood, 1996; Arratia, 1999; Arratia, 2013; Grande, 2010; Cavin, 2010; López-Arbarello, 2012; López-Arbarello et al, 2016; López-Arbarello & Sferco, 2018; Xu, Gao & Finarelli, 2014; Xu, Zhao & Coates, 2014; Xu, Gao & Coates, 2015; Xu & Zhao, 2016; Xu & Ma, 2016; Xu & Ma, 2018; Deesri, Jintasakul & Cavin, 2016; Giles et al, 2017; Sun & Ni, 2018). All characters were unordered and equally weighted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biostratigraphical studies (Chen, 1985; Li, 2006; Zou et al, 2015; Sun et al, 2016; Li et al., 2016a) generally suggest a late Middle Triassic (Ladinian) age for these fossil beds, as supported by the zircon U-Pb dating (240.8 ± 1.8 Ma; Li et al., 2016b). Also from the fossil beds are rich invertebrates, several other kinds of bony fishes, and diverse marine reptiles; the whole fossil assemblage represents the renowned Xingyi biota (Young, 1958; Su, 1959; Jin, 2001; Jin, 2006; Liu, Yin & Wang, 2002; Liu et al., 2003; Li, 2006; Geng, Zhu & Jin, 2009; Xu et al., 2012; Xu, Zhao & Shen, 2015; Xu, Ma & Zhao, 2018; Benton et al, 2013; Tintori et al, 2015; Xu & Ma, 2018). The discovery represents the first ginglymodian known in the Xingyi biota and provides new insights into the early evolution of this clade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fuyuanichthys wangigen. et sp. nov. from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of China highlights the early diversification of ginglymodian fishes

Ren

2018

PeerJ

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A series of well-preserved fossil assemblages from the Middle Triassic marine rock succession in Southwest China provide unique evidences for studying the early evolution of holostean fishes, including Halecomorphi (e.g., bownfin) and Ginglymodi (e.g., gars). Ginglymodi have the earliest record in the early Middle Triassic (Anisian, ∼244 Ma) of China, represented by Kyphosichthys and Sangiorgioichthys sui from Yunnan and S. yangjuanensis from Guizhou. Here, we report the discovery of a new ginglymodian, Fuyuanichthys wangi gen. et sp. nov., based on 22 well-preserved specimens from the lower part of the Zhuganpo member of the Falang Formation in eastern Yunnan and western Guizhou, which documents the first discovery of convincing ginglymodians from the late Middle Triassic (Ladinian, ∼240 Ma) Xingyi biota in China. Fuyuanichthys possesses a unique combination of features that easily distinguishes it from other ginglymodians, such as presence of a median gular and short and edentulous maxillae, and absence of a supramaxilla and supraorbitals. As one of the smallest known ginglymodians with a maximum standard length of ∼75 mm, the new finding further supports that the Middle Triassic Ginglymodi have a relatively small range of body sizes compared with the Halecomorphi from the same ecosystems in China. Results of a phylogenetic analysis recover Fuyuanichthys as a sister taxon to Kyphosichthys at the ginglymodian stem, and provide new insights into the early evolution of this clade.

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Cerinichthys koelblae, gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Jurassic of Cerin, France, and its phylogenetic setting, leading to a reassessment of the phylogenetic relationships of Halecomorphi (Actinopterygii)

Ebert

2018

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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Redescription and phylogenetic reassessment of Asialepidotus shingyiensis (Holostei: Halecomorphi) from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of China

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Feroxichthys yunnanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Colobodontidae, Neopterygii), a large durophagous predator from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Luoping Biota, eastern Yunnan, China

Feroxichthys yunnanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Colobodontidae, Neopterygii), a large durophagous predator from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Luoping Biota, eastern Yunnan, China

Fuyuanichthys wangigen. et sp. nov. from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of China highlights the early diversification of ginglymodian fishes

Cerinichthys koelblae, gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Jurassic of Cerin, France, and its phylogenetic setting, leading to a reassessment of the phylogenetic relationships of Halecomorphi (Actinopterygii)

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