‘Rediscovery’ revised – the cooperation of Erich and Armin von Tschermak‐Seysenegg in the context of the ‘rediscovery’ of Mendel’s laws in 1899–1901<sup>1</sup>

Šimůnek, Michal; Hoßfeld, Uwe; Wissemann, Volker

doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00491.x

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The ratio of the number of small type of seeds to the number of other types of seeds was 1:264 and it was close to 1:255, corresponding to the tetrahybrid segregation. Tschermak drew conclusion that the small-seeded sample which he had used in the crosses carried 4 recessive genes of seed size, which he denominated as a, b, c, d, while large-seeded sample had dominant alleles -A, B, C, D [14][15][16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of seed size by hybrid populations of pea (F₁, F₂)

2020

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Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the ancient and valuable high-protein leguminous cultures in the world. Breeding of new high-yielding cultivars is the main reserve to increase production of pea seeds. At the present time, intraspecific hybridization has a great importance in selection of new cultivars of pea. However, consistent patterns of inheritance of a number of economically valuable traits by hybrids are still insufficiently investigated. The objective of this research work was to study inheritance of seed size (1000-kernel weight) by pea hybrids of the first and second filial generations (F1, F2). The crossing and back-crossing (reciprocal crossing) were conducted. In our experiments, the first filial generation hybrids (F1) had a lower 1000-kernel weight than the large-seeded parental cultivars. Herewith the large-seeded genotype of the female parental cultivar had more influence on displaying of this trait in hybrids than of the male parental cultivar. In the second filial generation hybrids (F2) showed intermediate inheritance of seed size. The results of our experiments attest high efficiency of seed size selection in segregating generations of hybrids, obtained from crosses between cultivars carrying genes of seed size.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of seed size by hybrid populations of pea (F₁, F₂)

2020

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“…Genetics came later on and there is evidence that Gregor Mendel, younger but contemporary of Darwin, knew about Darwin, while Darwin did not know about Mendel ( Fairbanks, 2020 ). The meaning of Mendel’s work on heredity, published in 1866, became clear only in the beginning of the 20 th century, when it was rediscovered ( Keynes and Cox, 2008 ) ( Simunek et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Perspective Since the 19th Centurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe Carrying of Heavy Infants Together With Hair Properties Explain Human Evolution

Amáral

2022

Front. Psychol.

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As a physicist, my scientific career was interrupted by maternity, and afterward retaken, with a parallel independent personal perspective on human evolution. My previous published contributions are reanalyzed as Hypothesis and Theory. The focus is on safe infant carrying in primates, sexual selection among Hominoidea, fur reduction in hominins, and tensile properties of hominoid hairs, justifying the necessary change to bipedal locomotion from the overwhelming selective pressure of infant survival. The Discussion starts with analysis of existing bias against acceptance of these new ideas, first with rational arguments on bias existing between Exact Sciences and Biological Sciences. A reanalysis of data on elasticity of hominoid hairs is made, based on published differences between statistical analysis of measurements in exact and inexact sciences. A table constructed from the original data on hair elasticity allows a simplified discussion, based on statistics used in Physics in the study of “known samples,” adding extra information to the available data. Published data on hair density in primates and mammals allow the conclusion that hair elastic properties might have evolved correlated to the pressure of safe carrying of heavy infants, with an upper limit of 1 kgf/cm2 for safe infant clinging to primate mother’s hair. The Discussion enters then on the main ideological bias, related to the resistance in the academy to the idea that bipedalism could be connected to a “female problem,” that means, that it was not a “male acquisition.” Tripedal walk, occurring naturally among African Apes carrying their newborns, unable to support themselves by ventral clinging, is the natural candidate leading to evolution of bipedal locomotion. Tripedal walk as an intermediate stage to bipedalism was in fact theoretically proposed, but ignoring its role in primate transportation by ape mothers. The Discussion proceeds to a proposal of phylogenetic evolution of Hominoids, the usual focus on the males changes to the role of females with infants, allowing an integrated view on Hominin evolution, with fur reduction and thermoregulation of the naked skin, with subcutaneous insulating fat layer. The model for earliest hominin social structures is based on huddle formation and hormonally defined rites of passage.

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“…On its "rediscovery" in 1900, see Jahn (1958), Olby (1985, ch. 6), Rheinberger (1995, Stamhuis et al (1999), Harwood (2000) and Simunek et al (2011). Olby (1985 provides English translations of some sources mentioning Mendel before 1900.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gregor Mendel and the History of Heredity

Müller‐Wille

2021

Historiographies of Science

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Gregor Mendel's paper "Experiments on Plant Hybrids" (1866) has become a paradigmatic case in the historiography of the life sciences because production and reception of a "discovery" sharply fell apart, thus raising fundamental questions about the relationship between scientific achievement and "its" time.In this chapter, I am providing an overview of answers that have been given to these questions by various historians. In a first section, I cover commentators who have claimed that Mendel was "ahead" of his time, and that contemporaries failed to recognize his achievement. I then move on to scholars and scientists who argued against this position, claiming that Mendel was not anticipating twentieth-century genetics, but was in fact representative of an older research tradition. In a last step, I turn to the more recent cultural history of heredity according to which Mendel was embedded in a local culture that combined a variety of advanced and traditional strands of nineteenth-century life-sciences.Overall, I am arguing that one should not overestimate the coherence and dominance of presumed "paradigms", "epistemes" or "styles" in biology.

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‘Rediscovery’ revised – the cooperation of Erich and Armin von Tschermak‐Seysenegg in the context of the ‘rediscovery’ of Mendel’s laws in 1899–1901¹

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Inheritance of seed size by hybrid populations of pea (F₁, F₂)

Inheritance of seed size by hybrid populations of pea (F₁, F₂)

Safe Carrying of Heavy Infants Together With Hair Properties Explain Human Evolution

Gregor Mendel and the History of Heredity

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‘Rediscovery’ revised – the cooperation of Erich and Armin von Tschermak‐Seysenegg in the context of the ‘rediscovery’ of Mendel’s laws in 1899–19011

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Inheritance of seed size by hybrid populations of pea (F1, F2)

Inheritance of seed size by hybrid populations of pea (F1, F2)

Safe Carrying of Heavy Infants Together With Hair Properties Explain Human Evolution

Gregor Mendel and the History of Heredity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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‘Rediscovery’ revised – the cooperation of Erich and Armin von Tschermak‐Seysenegg in the context of the ‘rediscovery’ of Mendel’s laws in 1899–1901¹

Inheritance of seed size by hybrid populations of pea (F₁, F₂)

Inheritance of seed size by hybrid populations of pea (F₁, F₂)