Redox activity of airborne particulate matter at different sites in the Los Angeles Basin

Cho, Arthur K.; Sioutas, Constantinos; Miguel, Antonio H.; Kumagai, Yoshito; Schmitz, Debra A.; Singh, Manisha; Eiguren-Fernandez, Arantzazu; Froines, John R.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2005.01.003

Cited by 647 publications

(694 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The DTT analysis used was adapted from the procedure described by Cho et al (2005), and was slightly modified from our previous work (McWhinney et al, 2011). Naphthalene SOA particle filter samples were divided into quarters and one quarter was extracted by mixing with 10 mL of phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.4).…”

Section: Dtt Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Naphthalene SOA: redox activity and naphthoquinone gas–particle partitioning

2013

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Abstract. Chamber secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from low-NO x photooxidation of naphthalene by hydroxyl radical was examined with respect to its redox cycling behaviour using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. Naphthalene SOA was highly redox-active, consuming DTT at an average rate of 118 ± 14 pmol per minute per µg of SOA material. Measured particle-phase masses of the major previously identified redox active products, 1,2-and 1,4-naphthoquinone, accounted for only 21 ± 3 % of the observed redox cycling activity. The redox-active 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone was identified as a new minor product of naphthalene oxidation, and including this species in redox activity predictions increased the predicted DTT reactivity to 30 ± 5 % of observations. These results suggest that there are substantial unidentified redox-active SOA constituents beyond the small quinones that may be important toxic components of these particles. A gas-to-SOA particle partitioning coefficient was calculated to be (7.0 ± 2.5) × 10 −4 m 3 µg −1 for 1,4-naphthoquinone at 25 • C. This value suggests that under typical warm conditions, 1,4-naphthoquinone is unlikely to contribute strongly to redox behaviour of ambient particles, although further work is needed to determine the potential impact under conditions such as low temperatures where partitioning to the particle is more favourable. Also, higher order oxidation products that likely account for a substantial fraction of the redox cycling capability of the naphthalene SOA are likely to partition much more strongly to the particle phase.

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Section: Dtt Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Naphthalene SOA: redox activity and naphthoquinone gas–particle partitioning

2013

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“…Oxidative stress is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), including OH, H 2 O 2 and superoxide (O − 2 ), as well as organic radicals (Pryor et al, 1995;Winterbourn, 2008;Birben et al, 2012;. Upon PM deposition into the respiratory tract and interactions with lung antioxidants, H 2 O 2 can be generated by redox-active components contained in PM 2.5 such as transition metals (Charrier et al, 2014;Fang et al, 2016), semiquinones (Kumagai et al, 1997;Cho et al, 2005;McWhinney et al, 2013) and humic-like substances (Kumagai et al, 1997;Cho et al, 2005;Lin and Yu, 2011;Charrier et al, 2014;Dou et al, 2015;Fang et al, 2016;Verma et al, 2015a). H 2 O 2 can be converted into highly reactive OH radicals via Fenton-like reactions with iron and copper ions (Charrier et al, 2014;Enami et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of environmentally persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species in atmospheric aerosol particles

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Fine particulate matter plays a central role in the adverse health effects of air pollution. Inhalation and deposition of aerosol particles in the respiratory tract can lead to the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may cause oxidative stress. In this study, we have detected and quantified a wide range of particle-associated radicals using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Ambient particle samples were collected using a cascade impactor at a semi-urban site in central Europe, Mainz, Germany, in May-June 2015. Concentrations of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR), most likely semiquinone radicals, were found to be in the range of (1-7) × 10 11 spins µg −1 for particles in the accumulation mode, whereas coarse particles with a diameter larger than 1 µm did not contain substantial amounts of EPFR. Using a spin trapping technique followed by deconvolution of EPR spectra, we have also characterized and quantified ROS, including OH, superoxide (O − 2 ) and carbon-and oxygen-centered organic radicals, which were formed upon extraction of the particle samples in water. Total ROS amounts of (0.1-3) ×10 11 spins µg −1 were released by submicron particle samples and the relative contributions of OH, O − 2 , C-centered and O-centered organic radicals were ∼ 11-31, ∼ 2-8, ∼ 41-72 and ∼ 0-25 %, respectively, depending on particle sizes. OH was the dominant species for coarse particles. Based on comparisons of the EPR spectra of ambient particulate matter with those of mixtures of organic hydroperoxides, quinones and iron ions followed by chemical analysis using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we suggest that the particle-associated ROS were formed by decomposition of organic hydroperoxides interacting with transition metal ions and quinones contained in atmospheric humic-like substances (HULIS).

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“…Several epidemiological studies have associated daily exposures to particulate matter with increased incidences of premature death, chronic asthma and increased hospital admissions as well as respiratory problems in children. [1][2][3] While their constitution may vary from place to place, the sources of particulate matter are numerous, from natural origin (mainly vegetation and dust resuspension, among others) to different kinds of human activities, such as disposal of petroleum residues, waste incineration, energy production, vehicular emissions and agricultural slash burning. [1][2][3][4] Vehicle exhaust aerosols contain carbonaceous particles that are associated with a complex mixture of compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] While their constitution may vary from place to place, the sources of particulate matter are numerous, from natural origin (mainly vegetation and dust resuspension, among others) to different kinds of human activities, such as disposal of petroleum residues, waste incineration, energy production, vehicular emissions and agricultural slash burning. [1][2][3][4] Vehicle exhaust aerosols contain carbonaceous particles that are associated with a complex mixture of compounds. Special attention has been given to particles emitted by diesel engines, due to the numerous in vivo and in vitro da Rocha et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and source identification of atmospheric particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their dry deposition fluxes at three sites in Salvador Basin, Brazil, impacted by mobile and stationary sources

Rocha¹,

Lopes²,

Pereira³

et al. 2009

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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O presente trabalho apresenta o estudo sobre 16 HPAs prioritários em material particulado atmosférico de três sítios próximos a Salvador-BA: (i) Estação da Lapa, estação de ônibus da Região Metropolitana de Salvador; (ii) Porto de Aratu, impactado por intenso movimento de matérias-primas e (iii) Bananeira, localizado na Ilha de Maré, vilarejo que tem como principais atividades a pesca e artesanato. ) apresentou nível mais elevado na Lapa. As fontes de HPAs nos sítios estudados foram principalmente de origem antrópica, tais como veículos de pequeno e grande portes, carregamentos do porto, ressuspensão de partículas do solo, queima de diesel das embarcações e a queima de carvão e madeira para produção de energia.The present work has aimed to determine the 16 US EPA priority PAH atmospheric particulate matter levels present in three sites around Salvador, Bahia: (i) Lapa bus station, strongly impacted by heavy-duty diesel vehicles; (ii) Aratu harbor, impacted by an intense movement of goods, and (iii) Bananeira village on Maré Island, a non vehicle-influenced site with activities such as handcraft work and fisheries. Results indicated that ) is the PAH with highest concentration in samples from Aratu harbor and Bananeira and CRY (0.075-6.85 ng m -3 ) presented higher concentrations at Lapa station. PAH sources from studied sites were mainly of anthropogenic origin such as gasoline-fueled light-duty vehicles and diesel-fueled heavy-duty vehicles, discharges in the port, diesel burning from ships, dust ressuspension, indoor soot from cooking, and coal and wood combustion for energy production.

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Redox activity of airborne particulate matter at different sites in the Los Angeles Basin

Cited by 647 publications

References 34 publications

Naphthalene SOA: redox activity and naphthoquinone gas–particle partitioning

Naphthalene SOA: redox activity and naphthoquinone gas–particle partitioning

Quantification of environmentally persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species in atmospheric aerosol particles

Quantification and source identification of atmospheric particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their dry deposition fluxes at three sites in Salvador Basin, Brazil, impacted by mobile and stationary sources

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